研究报告
唐访良,张明,徐建芬,陈峰,许燕冰,吴敏华,李华.钱塘江(杭州段)水中有机氯农药残留污染特征及健康风险评价[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(11):3595-3603
钱塘江(杭州段)水中有机氯农药残留污染特征及健康风险评价
- Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in Qiantang River, Hangzhou Section
- 基金项目：杭州市社会发展科研攻关项目(No.20120433B05);杭州市环境保护科技项目(No.2013HZHB002)
- 作者
- 单位
- 唐访良
- 杭州市环境监测中心站, 杭州 310007
- 张明
- 杭州市环境监测中心站, 杭州 310007
- 徐建芬
- 杭州市环境监测中心站, 杭州 310007
- 陈峰
- 杭州市环境监测中心站, 杭州 310007
- 许燕冰
- 杭州市环境监测中心站, 杭州 310007
- 吴敏华
- 建德市环境监测站, 杭州 311600
- 李华
- 建德市环境监测站, 杭州 311600
- 摘要：利用气相色谱法对采集于2013年5月、7月和11月的钱塘江(杭州段)表层水中10种有机氯农药(OCPs)残留进行了分析,初步明确其组成特征及来源,并对其健康风险进行了评价.结果表明,钱塘江(杭州段)水体中检出5种微量的OCPs,检出频率最高的是β-HCH和δ-HCH.14个采样点均有不同浓度检出,钱塘江干流∑OCPs的浓度范围在1.31~6.68 ng·L-1,属低污染水平,3条主要支流∑OCPs的浓度范围则是1.32~4.23 ng·L-1.钱塘江(杭州段)水体中OCPs污染空间分布各异,上游兰江点位及桐庐县、富阳市境内各点位总体浓度相对较高.通过特征组分比例可确认HCHs污染主要源于农田中使用有机氯类农药的降解残留及新的林丹污染输入,且非固定污染源输入.利用EPA推荐方法对通过饮水和皮肤接触途径摄入钱塘江水体中OCPs的健康风险进行评价:非致癌健康风险指数介于8.56×10-5~1.82×10-3,根据评价标准均未超标;致癌健康风险指数在3.96×10-8~1.93×10-7,均位于可忽略风险范围内.结果表明钱塘江(杭州段)作为饮用水水源,其水体中OCPs残留引起对人体产生的致癌、非致癌健康危害可忽略.
- Abstract：Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in several surface water samples (collected in May, July and November of 2013 from Hangzhou Section of Qiantang River) were quantitatively determined by gas chromatograph. Then the component characteristics and source of HCHs and DDTs were confirmed, and the health risk assessment was evaluated. The results showed that 5 OCPs were found in trace amount, and β-HCH and δ-HCH were the most frequent detected OCPs. The concentrations of total OCPs ranged from 1.31~6.68 ng·L-1 in surface water of the studied main stream, which is a low pollution level, and 1.32~4.23 ng·L-1 in the samples from its three major branches. The spatial distribution of OCPs in Qiantang River was varying. The pollutant concentrations at the sampling sites located in upstream of the river, Tonglu County, and Fuyang City were relatively high. Composition analysis of HCHs indicated that the HCHs pollution was mainly due to agricultural activities, and the new input pollutant was Lindane. Distributions of OCPs were different, also indicating their different contamination sources. In addition, human health risk assessment of ingestion through the drinking water and skin contact absorption was performed using EPA recommended methods, the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks caused by OCPs were 8.56×10-5~1.82×10-3 and 3.96×10-8~1.93×10-7, respectively. According to the acceptable risk level, the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of the chemicals investigated can be considered negligible in the water body of Qiantang River.
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