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研究报告

Quantification of contributions from different sources on heavy metals accumulation in the paddy soil from Suzhou area

基金项目：南京信息工程大学人才启动基金;国家地质实验测试中心基本科研业务费专项(No.2013CSG-K04);国土资源部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(No.201111021)

摘要：利用国家土壤质量标准和当地背景值评价了苏州地区表层水稻土重金属(Pb、Cd、As、Hg、Cu、Zn、Ni、Cr)的污染(富集)状况.结果发现,苏州地区土壤Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Zn、Cu、Cr和Ni平均含量分别是0.23、0.23、9.14、35.36、103.36、35.75、77.12和33.18 μg·g^-1;除As外,其余7种重金属平均含量皆明显高于当地土壤背景值.通过与中国土壤环境质量标准(GB15618-1995)相比,发现苏州地区土壤中Cd和Hg是8种重金属中风险最高的.地质累积指数分析表明,苏州水稻土重金属Cd、Hg、Pb、Cu和Zn出现了污染,其中以Cd和Hg的污染程度最突出,约80%的土壤样品出现了Pb轻度污染.因子得分-多元回归法(PCS-MLR)估算表明,70%的土壤Cd来自与有色金属或磷有关的人为活动;土壤中约50%的Pb和72%的Hg源于大气沉降的贡献;土壤的Zn和Cu污染主要来自与有色金属或磷有关的人为活动,该端元对土壤Zn和Cu的影响率分别为53%和45%.

Abstract：Heavy metals pollution (accumulation) in the paddy soil from Suzhou area was investigated. The average concentrations of Cd, Hg, As, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr and Ni in the soil are 0.23, 0.23, 9.14, 35.36, 103.36, 35.75, 77.12 and 33.18 μg·g^-1, respectively. The mean concentrations of heavy metals except As are significantly higher than the corresponding local soil background values, respectively. Cd and Hg in the soils show the highest potential ecological risk according to the environmental quality standards of soil in China. Geological Accumulation Index analysis shows that Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu and Zn pollution occurred in the topsoil, with Cd and Hg the most significantly. Approximately 80% of soil samples show lightly Pb pollution. Principal Component Scores & Multiple Linear Regressions (PCS-MLR) analysis shows that 70% of Cd in the soil derived from anthropogenic activity was related to the nonferrous metal or phosphorus, and the atmospheric deposition contributed approximately 50% of Pb and 72% of Hg in the soil. The sources of Zn and Cu pollution in the soil were mainly derived from anthropogenic activity related to the nonferrous metal or phosphorus, and this source contributed to 53% of Zn and 45% of Cu in the soil.