• 关键词：大型再生水厂  温暖季  汛期  A²/O工艺

• 基金项目：国家科技重大专项"水体污染控制与治理"(No.2012ZX07203-002)

• 郁达伟
• 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085

• 李亚明
• 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司, 北京 100192

• 杨敏
• 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085

• 刘吉宝
• 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085

• 吕鑑
• 北京工业大学建筑工程学院, 北京 100124

• 魏源送
• 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085

• 摘要：以北京某大型再生水厂为研究对象,通过统计分析历史数据,系统研究了2008和2013年不同工艺(倒置A²/O工艺、A²/O工艺、A²/O-MBR工艺)中主要污染物COD、TN和TP去除效果的年际、年内汛期、寒冷季和温暖季的变化特征,并分析了2013年这3种污染物去除效果变化的影响因素.结果表明,同2008年相比,2013年不仅进水的COD浓度升高,TN浓度和TP浓度降低,导致进水的碳/氮/磷比值从2008年的100:14.5:1.4升高到2013年的100:10.1:0.9,而且主要污染物去除效果均有明显改善,改善幅度依次为TP >COD >TN.年内变化特征表现为:汛期进水COD、TN和TP的浓度降低但波动加剧,它们的去除率降低,因此汛期出水COD稳定、TN浓度降低而TP浓度波动;温暖季进水COD、TN和TP的浓度高,它们的去除率有不同程度提高,因此温暖季出水的TN浓度波动较大、COD和TP浓度稳定.冗余分析(RDA)结果表明,一期倒置A²/O工艺的出水TN和TP浓度同步波动,主要受工况变化影响,脱氮除磷的碳源竞争是导致出水TN浓度降低、TP浓度升高的重要原因.二期A²/O工艺的出水COD浓度和TN浓度主要受进水水质波动影响.三期A²/O-MBR工艺的出水水质最稳定,膜运行性能至关重要.

• Abstract：The annual and seasonal variations of three major pollutants removals in a mega-reclaimed water plant with three different A²/O processes in Beijing in 2008 and 2013 was compared by using statistical analysis of COD, TN and TP. The factors affecting COD, TN and TP removals in 2013 were also analyzed by redundancy analysis (RDA). Results showed that the C/N/P ratios of influent were decreased from 100:14.5:1.4 in 2008 to 100:10.1:0.9 in 2013, and all of these three major water pollutants removals had achieved substantial improvement in order of TP >COD >TN in the past 5 years. Decreased concentrations of these three pollutants in the influent accompanied by fluctuation wildly in the flood season, resulting in their decreased removal rates, which ultimately led to higher TP, stable COD, and lower TN concentrations in the effluent. But it was different in the warm season that it had higher concentrations of these three pollutants in the influent, resulting in the increase of their removal rates, fluctuated TN concentration while stable COD and TP concentrations in the effluent. RDA results showed that ① Inverted A²/O process: TN and TP concentrations in the effluent were significantly affected by operational conditions, and improvement of TN removal and deterioration of TP removal may be caused by carbon source competition. ② A²/O process: COD and TN concentrations in the effluent were significantly affected by fluctuation of influent water quality. ③ A²/O-MBR process: The effluent water quality maintained the most stable, and membrane separation performance played the most important role in improving the effluent water quality.

• Key words：mega-reclaimed water plant  warm season  flood season  A²/O processes

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