研究报告
路薇,罗娜,董文,马艳玲.一株降解荧蒽的铜绿假单胞菌的筛选鉴定及其特性[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(11):3486-3492
一株降解荧蒽的铜绿假单胞菌的筛选鉴定及其特性
- Identification and characterization of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain DN1 in fluoranthene biodegradation
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金(No.31000069);西部资源生物与现代生物技术教育部重点实验室开放基金(No.ZS12007);陕西省教育厅产业化培育项目(No.15JF032);西北大学生物学基地科研训练及科研能力提高项目(No.J1210063)
- 作者
- 单位
- 路薇
- 西部资源与现代生物技术省部共建教育部重点实验室, 西北大学生命科学学院, 西安 710069
- 罗娜
- 西部资源与现代生物技术省部共建教育部重点实验室, 西北大学生命科学学院, 西安 710069
- 董文
- 西部资源与现代生物技术省部共建教育部重点实验室, 西北大学生命科学学院, 西安 710069
- 马艳玲
- 西部资源与现代生物技术省部共建教育部重点实验室, 西北大学生命科学学院, 西安 710069
- 摘要：荧蒽是一种疏水性极强的高分子量多环芳烃,在环境中能持久存在且难以被微生物降解.本研究从石油污染土壤中分离获得一株能够以荧蒽为唯一碳源和能源而生长良好的菌株,命名为DN1.通过形态观察、生理生化特性鉴定及16S rRNA gene 同源序列分析,鉴定其为铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa).研究发现,菌株DN1的最适生长温度为34~37 ℃,最适pH为5.5~7.5,并具有良好的产鼠李糖脂能力,摇瓶培养7 d内最高产量可达22.90 g·L-1.DN1这一特性有利于荧蒽乳化进而促使其生物降解,0.50 g·L-1 荧蒽14 d内的降解率达到90.2%.酶活检测显示,邻苯二酚1,2-双加氧酶活性显著高于邻苯二酚2,3-双加氧酶活性,表明其在荧蒽生物降解中起主导作用.
- Abstract：Fluoranthene is a member of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with four fused benzene rings in the environment, and the highly hydrophobic property made fluoranthene very difficult to degrade by microorganisms. A bacterial strain DN1, which can use fluoranthene as the sole carbon and energy source was isolated from heavily petroleum-contaminated soil. This strain was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa through morphological observation, physiological and biochemical determination and 16S rRNA gene homological sequencing. The optimum growth temperature and the optimum pH of the strain was 34~37℃ and 5.5~7.5, respectively. Strain DN1 had capability of producing rhamnolipids, and the best rhamnolipids yield could reach to 22.90 g·L-1 when the strain was cultured under optimum conditions for 7 days. The strain's emulsifying properties greatly increased the biodegradation of fluoranthene in the environment. The degradation rate was up to 90.2% when strain DN1 was cultivated with 0.50 g·L-1 fluoranthene as the sole carbon and energy source for 14 days. During the biodegradation of fluoranthene, the enzyme activity of catechol-1,2-dioxygenase (C12O) was remarkably higher than that of catechol-2,3-dioxygenase (C23O), indicating that C12O played a major role in fluoranthene biodegradation by strain DN1.
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