专论与综述
张晓玲,刘永,郭怀成.湖滨河口湿地中磷的输移转化机制及截留效应研究进展[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(2):373-386
湖滨河口湿地中磷的输移转化机制及截留效应研究进展
- Phosphorus transportation mechanisms and retention effects in lake riparian wetland
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金(No.51279001);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(No.2013ZX07102-06)
- 作者
- 单位
- 张晓玲
- 北京大学环境科学与工程学院, 水沙科学教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871
- 刘永
- 北京大学环境科学与工程学院, 水沙科学教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871
- 郭怀成
- 北京大学环境科学与工程学院, 水沙科学教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871
- 摘要：湖滨河口湿地对湖泊的水质与生态健康有重要影响,但其对营养物质的截留效应亦备受争议.因此深入了解营养物质在湿地"水-底泥-植物"中的输移转化过程,明确导致湿地"源-汇"功能转换的主要驱动机制与关键影响因子具有重要意义.本文以磷(P)为对象,分析了水文过程的变异性对湖滨河口湿地的影响,综述了湿地截磷的植物机制、微生物机制及"上覆水-底泥"界面过程,比较了短期和长期机制的差异;识别了湿地截P的重要影响因素及其交互反馈过程,主要包括水文条件、底泥理化性质、离子含量、水生植物种类等;总结了目前已开展的野外监测、室内培养、吸附等温线、统计分析、机理模型等研究方法,提出未来需将湿地水文模型与生态模型相结合,用于识别和评估磷在湿地"水-底泥-植物"系统中的输移关键过程及截留效应.
- Abstract：Lake riparian wetland plays an important role in water quality and ecological health, and its phosphorus retention effects are very controversial. Thus it is of great significance in deeply exploring the phosphorus transportation processes in the system of lake water-sediment-aquatic vegetation and in specifying the main driving mechanisms and key influence factors leading to the transformation of "source-sink" function. The influences of the variability of hydrological processes on lake riparian wetland were analyzed; The aquatic vegetation mechanisms, microorganism mechanisms and "overlying water-sediment" interface processes were mainly reviewed to retain phosphorus; The important influence factors and their interaction and feedback were identified, including hydrological condition, physical and chemical properties of sediment, ions content and aquatic vegetation species; The present research methods, such as field monitoring, laboratory incubation cultivating, adsorption isotherm, statistical analysis and mechanism modeling were summarized, and the necessary combination of hydrological model and ecological model was pointed out so as to identify the key transportation processes and assess the retention effects of phosphorus in the system of lake water-sediment-aquatic vegetation.
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