• 关键词：黄河原水  消毒副产物  生成潜能  化学预处理  水处理

• 基金项目：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(No.2012ZX07404-004)

• 李大鹏
• 西安理工大学水利水电学院, 西安 710048

• 黄强
• 西安理工大学水利水电学院, 西安 710048

• 朱贺振
• 同济大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 200092

• 摘要：以取自河南省郑州市石佛原水厂的黄河原水为研究对象,系统研究了原水中消毒副产物(DBPs)前体物的组成规律,对比分析了3种预氧化剂(高锰酸钾、自由氯和二氧化氯)对原水中DBPs生成潜能的消减规律.试验结果表明:原水中DBPs的前体物均以小分子有机物和疏水性组分(52.51%)为主;分子量小于 1 kDa有机物组分是生成含氮消毒副产物(N-DBPs)和三卤甲烷(THMs)的主要前体物;疏水性有机物是生成THMs的主要前体物,亲水性有机物是生成N-DBPs的主要前体物.经Cl₂预氧化后,直接生成的DBPs随着自由氯投加量的增加而增加,ClO₂和KMnO₄预氧化直接增加DBPs产生量.经3种预氧化剂氧化后,原水中三卤甲烷生成潜能(THMFP)均呈现一定的下降,其降低量依次为ClO₂> Cl₂> KMnO₄;然而3种预氧化剂都不能有效的减少含氮消毒副产物生成潜能(N-DBPFP),ClO₂预氧化和Cl₂预氧化可增加N-DBPs生成潜能,尤其在较高投加量下,Cl₂预氧化将大大增加N-DBPs生成潜能.为有效消减总DBPs生成潜能,水厂可优先采用KMnO₄或ClO₂作为预氧化剂处理引黄水库或沉砂池水.

• Abstract：Raw water from Yellow River in Henan Province was collected for investigation of different disinfection by-products (DBPs) precursors. The comparisons were conducted for DBPs formation by three different pre-oxidation processes. It was found that the DBP precursors were mainly constituted of small organic molecules and hydrophobic organic matter (52.51%). The organic compounds with molecular weight<1 kDa were the main nitrogenous disinfection by-products (N-DBPs) precursors and trihalomethanes (THMs) precursors. Hydrophobic organic matter was the maximum THMs precursor while hydrophilic organic matter was the maximum N-DBPs precursor. For pre-oxidation of Cl₂, the formation of DBPs increased significantly as the Cl₂ concentration increasing. The trihalomethane formation potential declined during three pre-oxidation processes and the decrease followed the order of ClO₂> Cl₂> KMnO₄. However, no obvious phenomena were observed for all the three pre-oxidants on nitrogenous disinfection byproducts formation. Overall, ClO₂ is the best alternative pre-oxidant to control DBPs formation in Yellow River raw water.

• Key words：Yellow River raw water  disinfection by-products (DBPs)  formation potential  chemical pretreatment  water treatment

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