• 关键词：家庭室内PM_2.5  持久性有机污染物  儿童哮喘

• 基金项目：上海市教委科研创新项目(No.14YZ043)

• 聂志情
• 上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 200240

• 孟戈
• 上海交通大学公共卫生学院, 上海 200025

• 吴晓萌
• 上海交通大学公共卫生学院, 上海 200025

• 冯艳
• 上海交通大学公共卫生学院, 上海 200025

• 殷勇
• 上海交通大学医学院附属儿童医学中心, 上海200127

• 王艳
• 上海交通大学公共卫生学院, 上海 200025

• 摘要：为了探讨家庭室内PM_2.5中POPs的污染状况及其与儿童哮喘的关系.于2014年12月-2015年3月对上海市29个哮喘患儿童及31个健康儿童的家庭室内PM_2.5进行采样.采用GC-MS测定了样本中13种PBDEs、17种PAHs及27种PCBs的质量浓度,用GC-μECD测定了9种OCPs的质量浓度,并用SPSS19.0进行数据的统计学分析.家庭室内PM_2.5中持久性有机污染物污染状况的结果表明,所有样本∑PBDEs的浓度平均值为32.2 pg·m^-3,其中,BDE-209占比最大(61.7%);∑PAHs浓度平均值为52.3 ng·m^-3,7种致癌多环芳烃占比51.8%;∑OCPs浓度平均值为1016.4 pg·m^-3,HCHs占比最大(43.7%),其次为DDTs,占比29.1%;∑PCBs浓度平均值为72.7 pg·m^-3,以PCB-82、PCB-99、PCB-8及PCB-49为主.分析污染状况与哮喘的关系发现,病例组样本的∑PBDEs浓度和∑PAHs浓度高于对照组,两者间的差异具有统计学意义(p<0.05);病例组样本的∑OCPs浓度和∑PCBs浓度低于对照组,仅∑OCPs浓度在两组间的差异具有统计学意义(p<0.05).研究表明,家庭室内PM_2.5中POPs污染普遍存在,且哮喘儿童患者家庭室内PM_2.5中部分PBDEs、PAHs、OCPs浓度与对照组之间存在显著差异.

• Abstract：The aim of the present research was to investigate the concentration of three common classes of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in indoor fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) and their association with pediatric asthma. PM_2.5 samples were collected from homes of 29 asthma children and 31 healthy controls during December 2014 and March 2015. 13 congeners of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), 17 congeners of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 27 congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the samples were determined by Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS), while 9 congeners of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were determined by gas chromatography with micro electron capture detector (GC-μECD). The mean concentration of ∑PBDEs was 32.2 pg·m^-3 in all samples, and BDE-209 was the predominant congener accounting for 61.7% of the total PBDEs. The mean concentration of ∑PAHs was 52.3 ng·m^-3 in which 7 congeners of carcinogenic PAHs contributed to 51.8% of the total PAHs. The mean concentration of ∑OCPs was 1016.4 pg·m^-3 in all samples. Hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) were the dominant components which accounted for 43.7% and 29.1% of the total OCPs, respectively. The mean concentration of ∑PCBs was 72.7 pg·m^-3 in all samples, and the sum of congeners -82, -99, -8, and -49 contributed to the majority of the totoal contents of PCBs. The concentrations of ∑PBDEs and ∑PAHs in indoor PM_2.5 of asthma group were significantly higher than those in control group (p<0.05). On the contrary, higher levels of ∑OCPs and ∑PCBs were observed in PM_2.5 of control group than those of case group, with a statistical p value of <0.001 for ∑OCPs and 0.058 for ∑PCBs. The results indicates that indoor PM_2.5 contains some common POPs which might be associated with the risk of pediatric asthma.

• Key words：indoor PM_2.5  persistent organic pollutants  pediatric asthma

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