研究报告
吕育财,李宁,郭金玲,龚大春,王小芬,崔宗均.一组中温厌氧消化菌群高温启动过程中的菌群多样性变化研究[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(6):1986-1997
一组中温厌氧消化菌群高温启动过程中的菌群多样性变化研究
- Microbial community structure variation during the startup of culture enrichment under thermophilic condition inoculated with a mesophilic community for anaerobic digestion
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31370506);湖北省自然科学基金项目(No.2014CFB666);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(No.31500422)
- 作者
- 单位
- 吕育财
- 三峡大学生物与制药学院, 宜昌 443002
- 李宁
- 三峡大学水利与环境学院, 宜昌 443002
- 郭金玲
- 三峡大学生物与制药学院, 宜昌 443002
- 龚大春
- 三峡大学生物与制药学院, 宜昌 443002
- 王小芬
- 中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院/生物质工程中心, 北京 100193
- 崔宗均
- 中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院/生物质工程中心, 北京 100193
- 摘要：该研究利用37℃培养的中温厌氧消化菌群为菌源,直接提温至50℃驯化培养,获得连续处理高浓度糖蜜废水的厌氧消化产甲烷菌群,并考察高温驯化过程中菌群结构及多样性的变化特征.结果表明,中温厌氧消化菌群直接转入高温培养后,在高浓度有机废水连续进料的条件下,厌氧消化过程能够快速启动生成甲烷,并在22 d后形成稳定的高温厌氧消化产甲烷菌群,平均甲烷生成效率为162.3 mL CH4/g COD.乙酸和丙酸是厌氧发酵液内的2类主要有机酸,产气稳定期间的质量浓度分别为25.3和145.3 mg·L-1.转入高温培养后,菌群结构产生巨大变化,细菌变异程度强于古菌,并逐渐稳定成为以代谢糖、多种有机酸的细菌和产甲烷古菌为主要优势菌群的高温厌氧消化菌群.克隆结果显示细菌菌群以Thermacetogenium和Acetomicrobium faecal为主要优势菌群,分别占细菌克隆文库的33.44%和20.99%;古菌菌群以Methanosaeta和Methanoculleus为主要优势菌群,占古菌克隆文库的56.40%和39.75%.转入高温培养后,产甲烷古菌的总生物量下降,含量约为7.6×106拷贝/g活性污泥.研究结果对阐明温度选择压力对厌氧消化菌群结构与功能影响,改进高温厌氧消化菌群富集方法具有重要意义.
- Abstract：Temperature is an important factor affecting anaerobic digesting microbial community during culture enrichment. In this study, a thermophilic (50℃) anaerobic culutre, which digest the high concentration molasses wastewater to product biogas, was successfully enriched from mesophilic (37℃) anaerobic animal dung digesting community, by one-step startup under thermophilic condition. the characterization of biogas, digestion performance and microbial community structure were investigated. The results show that, the mesophilcanaerobic digesting culture was transferred into 50℃ for enrichement, the community could be successful activated and stable produce biogas under thermophilic temperatureafter 22 days. The biogas producing rate was 162.3 mL CH4/g chemical oxygen demand (COD). Propionate and acetate were two main volatile organic acids (VFA), the content were 25.3 mg·L-1 and 145.3 mg·L-1 respectively during stable biogas production. The community structure has significantly changed since the temperature shift to 50℃, and bacterial population changed more than archaea. Cloning results show that Thermacetogenium and Acetomicrobium faecal were the main bacteria, with the population of 33.44% and 20.99% respectively in bacterial clone library. Methanosaeta and Methanoculleus were the main archaea, with the population of 56.40% and 39.75% respectively in archaeal clone library. Compare with original mesophilic anaerobic culture, the biomass of methanogenic archaea have decreased significantly, it drop to about 7.6×106 copies·g-1 anaerobic sludge.
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