• 关键词：深色有隔内生真菌  铅  生物吸附

• 基金项目：林业公益性行业科研专项经费项目(No.201404217);国家自然科学基金(No.31170567,31300543)

• 宋瑛瑛
• 西北农林科技大学生命科学学院, 杨凌 712100

• 王春燕
• 西北农林科技大学林学院, 杨凌 712100

• 杨玉荣
• 西北农林科技大学林学院, 杨凌 712100

• 唐明
• 西北农林科技大学林学院, 杨凌 712100

• 摘要：本文通过测定沙门外瓶柄霉(Exophiala salmonis BC5)、甘瓶霉(Phialophora mustea BC42)、菊异茎点霉(Paraphoma chrysanthemicola B100)和枝状枝孢菌(Cladosporium cladosporioides B142)4种具有耐铅特性的深色有隔内生真菌(Dark Septate Endophytes,DSE)非活性菌丝的铅吸附能力,从中筛选出铅吸附能力强的菌种并研究其吸附特性.扫描电镜观察结果显示,4种DSE吸附剂均有管道状结构,以枝状枝孢菌的直径最大((4.04±0.68) μm),且较为完整,枝状枝孢菌吸附剂的表面比较粗糙,其余3种DSE吸附剂的表面均比较光滑;傅立叶红外光谱分析表明,4种DSE吸附剂均含有氨基(-NH₂)、羟基(-OH)、酯羰基(-COO)和羧基(-COOH)等官能团;当吸附时间分别为15 min和60 min时,枝状枝孢菌对铅的去除率、吸附量分别达83.30%、14.73 mg·g^-1和94.86%、19.54 mg·g^-1,均显著高于其他3种真菌,其次是菊异茎点霉,沙门外瓶柄霉和甘瓶霉的吸附能力较差.进一步研究枝状枝孢菌的铅吸附特性,结果表明:pH(2.0~6.0)、初始金属浓度(10~300μg·mL^-1)、吸附时间(5~180 min)、吸附剂剂量(0.5~10 g·L^-1)、温度(20~40℃)及转速(80~180 r·min^-1)对枝状枝孢菌的铅吸附过程均有显著影响,最佳的吸附条件分别为pH 5.0、初始金属浓度150μg·mL^-1、吸附时间120 min、吸附剂剂量3 g·L^-1、温度25℃、转速180 r·min^-1,此时吸附量为40.8 mg·g^-1.

• Abstract：In order to screen the species with high adsorption capacity, this research was conducted to compare the adsorption capacity of inactive hyphae of four dark septate endophytes (DSE) to lead, with high lead tolerance. The results of Scanning electron microscopy reveal that all four DSEs had pipeline structure. The Cladosporium cladosporioides had the largest diameter ( (4.04±0.68) μm), and relatively complete shape. The surface of C. cladosporioides was rough, while the surfaces of other three DSEs were relatively smooth. FTIR spectrometry demonstrated that the all DSEs contained functional groups, such as-NH₂, -OH, -COOR, and-COOH.Screening test results show that the removal efficiency and adsorption capacity of C. cladosporioides to lead were 83.30% and 14.73 mg·g^-1 (in 15 min), 94.86% and 19.54 mg·g^-1 (in 60 min) respectively, significantly higher than those of the other three. Paraphoma chrysanthemicola shows adsorption capability next to C. cladosporioides, the adsorption capacities of Exophiala salmonis and Phialophora mustea to lead were lower. Studies on adsorption characteristics of C.cladosporioides demonstrated that the biosorption was significantly affected by pH (2.0~6.0), initial concentration (10~300 μg·mL^-1), adsorption time (5~180 min), adsorbent dosage (0.5~10 g·L^-1), temperature (20~40℃), and agitation speed (80~180 r·min^-1). The optimal adsorption conditions of C. cladosporioides to lead were obtained:pH 5.0, initial lead concentration 150 μg·mL^-1, adsorbent dosage 3 g·L^-1, temperature 25℃ and agitation speed 180 r·min^-1 for 120 min, under which the adsorption capacity was 40.8 mg·g^-1.

• Key words：dark septate endophyte  lead  biosorption

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