• 关键词：大气污染物  气象条件  重庆市都市功能核心区  PM_2.5  O₃

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.41502329）；国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）（No.2014CB238906）；重庆市社会科学规划项目博士项目（No.2014BS094）

• 刘永林
• 重庆师范大学 地理与旅游学院, 重庆 401331

• 钟明洋
• 1. 重庆地质矿产研究院 外生成矿与矿山环境重庆市重点实验室, 重庆 400042;2. 煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室重庆研究中心, 重庆 400042

• 孙启民
• 长安大学 建筑学院, 西安 710064

• 钟部卿
• 中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012

• 雒昆利
• 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101

• 摘要：为研究重庆市都市功能核心区大气污染物浓度水平及变化规律，统计分析了2014年9月至2014年11月5个监测站（解放碑、高家花园、杨家坪、新山村和南坪）24 h连续监测PM_2.5、PM₁₀、SO₂、NO₂、CO和O₃浓度数据。结果表明，观测期间，大气颗粒物污染严重，5个站点PM_2.5日均浓度超标率分别为30.8%、37.4%、38.5%、37.4%和31.9%，5个站点PM₁₀日均浓度超标率分别为23.1%、22.0%、18.7%、19.8%和19.8%；重庆市都市功能核心区细颗粒物（PM_2.5）污染严重，5个站点PM_2.5占PM₁₀比例分别为60.2%、64.6%、64.1%、75.4%和62.8%；PM_2.5、PM₁₀、NO₂和CO早晚出现高峰值；SO₂和O₃浓度日变化曲线呈现单峰型，峰值分别出现在中午和午后；降水量、气温和水汽压与PM_2.5、PM₁₀、SO₂和NO₂呈显著负相关；相对湿度与O₃呈显著负相关，气温、水汽压和风速与O₃呈显著正相关；CO与相对湿度呈显著正相关；风向也影响着大气污染物浓度的时空分布，南偏西、南偏东和东北偏北风利于PM_2.5、PM₁₀、SO₂、NO₂和CO浓度积累，西北风利于PM_2.5、PM₁₀、SO₂、NO₂和CO扩散；但西北风控制下利于O₃浓度积累。

• Abstract：To understand the concentrations and variation features of atmospheric pollutants in Chongqing metropolitan area, the observations of PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂, O₃ and CO, along with meteorological factors, were conducted at five stations of Jiefangbei, Gaojiahuayuan, Yangjiaping, Nanping and Xinshancun, from September 1 to November 30, 2014. The results showed that the particulate pollution was serious at the above five sites. There were 30.8%, 37.4%, 38.5%, 37.4% and 31.9% of the days with daily concentration exceeding the National Air Quality Standard of GradeⅡ at the above five sites, respectively. The frequencies of days with excessive concentrations were 23.1%, 22.0%, 18.7%, 19.8% and 19.8% for PM₁₀. Fine particles were major pollutant, and the proportion of PM_2.5 in PM₁₀ is 60.2%, 64.6%, 64.1%, 75.4% and 62.8% at the above five sites, respectively. PM_2.5, PM₁₀, NO₂ and CO had the diurnal variation of highest in the morning and night. In addition, the peaks of SO₂ and O₃ were at noon or after. PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂ and NO₂ concentration was negatively correlated with precipitation, air temperature and vapor pressure. O₃ concentration was significantly negatively correlated with relative humidity, while positively correlated with air temperature, vapor pressure and wind speed. In addition, wind direction also affected spatial and temporal distribution of the concentrations of atmospheric pollutants. Southwesterly, southeasterly and northeasterly winds were associated with high PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂ and CO concentrations, while northwesterly wind was associated with high concentration of O₃.

• Key words：atmospheric pollutants  meteorological factors  urban core of Chongqing  PM_2.5  O₃

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