研究报告
刘凯辉,徐建全.纯电动汽车驱动电机全生命周期评价[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(9):3456-3463
纯电动汽车驱动电机全生命周期评价
- Life cycle assessment of driving motor on electric vehicle
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（No.71173072）；福建省自然科学基金资助项目（No.2015J01282）
- 作者
- 单位
- 刘凯辉
- 福建农林大学, 福州 350000
- 徐建全
- 1. 福建农林大学, 福州 350000;2. 湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室, 长沙 410082
- 摘要：基于生命周期评价（LCA）理论，运用GaBi 6 软件建模，对荣威E50纯电动汽车驱动电机全生命周期环境排放和资源消耗进行了评价，对比分析在中国不同区域使用下驱动电机生命周期过程资源环境影响，并对驱动电机生命周期过程中的生产制造能耗、使用能耗和原材料回收率做敏感性分析.结果表明，驱动电机全生命周期过程各环境影响类型指数排序为AP > GWP > POCP > EP > ODP，且对环境的影响主要发生在使用阶段，其次是原材料获取和制造阶段.各大区域电网下驱动电机全生命周期过程环境排放影响从大到小为华东电网 > 东北电网 > 西北电网 > 华北电网 > 南方电网 > 华中电网.从敏感性分析结果可知，使用能耗对驱动电机生命周期环境排放影响的敏感度大于生产制造能耗；铜的回收率对矿产资源消耗影响的敏感度远大于钢和铝的回收率.
- Abstract：Based on the life cycle assessment theory, this paper evaluated the environmental emission and resource consumption during the whole life cycle of the driving motor of the ROEWE E50 electric vehicle using the GaBi 6 software. The impact in the whole life cycle of the driving motor to the resource and environment was analyzed by comparing the utilization in different regions of China. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted on the energy consumption during the manufacturing and the utilization stages and the recovery rate of the raw material in the whole life cycle of the driving motor. Results showed that the order of the environmental impact index in the whole life cycle of the driving motor was AP > GWP > POCP > EP > ODP, and the impact to the environment mainly occurred in the utilization stage, followed by the raw materials acquisition stage and the manufacturing stage. The order of the environmental impact during the whole life cycle in regional power grids is the East China Power Grid, the Northeast Power Grid, the Northwest Power Grid, the North China Power Grid, the Southern Power Grid, and the Central China Power Grid. According to the results of the sensitivity analysis, the sensitivity of the energy consumption in the utilization stage in the whole life cycle of the driving motor is greater than in manufacturing process and the sensitivity of the recovery rate of copper to the consumption of the mineral resources in life cycle process is much greater than the recovery rate of steel and aluminum.
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