• 关键词：焦化废水处理  能耗模型  OHO工艺  能耗单元  工程实例

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.51278199，21037001）；广东省教育厅学科建设专项资金（No.2013CXZDA004）

• 范丹
• 华南理工大学环境与能源学院, 广州 510006

• 廖建波
• 华南理工大学环境与能源学院, 广州 510006

• 韦聪
• 1. 华南理工大学环境与能源学院, 广州 510006;2. 广东工业大学环境科学与工程学院, 广州 510006

• 吴超飞
• 1. 华南理工大学环境与能源学院, 广州 510006;2. 工业聚集区污染控制与生态修复教育部重点实验室, 广州 510006

• 胡芸
• 华南理工大学环境与能源学院, 广州 510006

• 韦朝海
• 1. 华南理工大学环境与能源学院, 广州 510006;2. 工业聚集区污染控制与生态修复教育部重点实验室, 广州 510006

• 摘要：焦化废水产生于煤炭的不完全气化过程，其水质成分复杂，处理工艺技术单元多、水力停留时间长且存在多指标目标，处理过程需消耗大量能量，从若干工程实践中发现，影响焦化废水处理工程运行能耗的因素主要包括水质特性、工艺流程、运行时间、设备状况等，系统分析这些因素对运行能耗的贡献，了解耗能规律并模型化，可为焦化废水处理工程设计提供节能依据.本研究以好氧/水解/好氧（OHO）流化床工艺为核心的实际焦化废水处理工程为案例，根据耗能设备、处理目标和单元功能不同将整个处理工程分解为气浮、废水输送、泥渣输送、鼓风曝气、混合、脱水、加药、公用的8个耗能系统，分别分析各系统的耗能因子，建立模型，加权得到总能耗模型；然后分别用HRT（停留时间）法和24 h法计算能耗值，与实际24 h读表电耗值相比较评价模型的准确性.分析结果表明，焦化废水处理工程总运行能耗与进水水量、污泥量、溶解氧、硝化液回流比、进水COD、进水总氮浓度的相关性强；HRT法与24 h法得到的能耗值与实际24 h读表能耗值呈显著线性关系，R²分别为0.93和0.97，相对误差分别为4.28%～19.18%和3.45%～8.94%，模型分析值与工程实测值吻合度比较好，表明模型准确可靠.因此认为，基于耗能单元系统建立的工程系统总能耗模型可以用于预测因水质特性、工艺流程、设备条件等变化的实际工程运行总能耗，得到了建立焦化废水处理工程单元解析模型的系统性新方法.

• Abstract：Coking wastewater is generated from incomplete coal gasification and is considered as a kind of difficult-to-treat industrial wastewater. Due to the complex constituents, multiple discharging targets, diversified processing units, long hydraulic retention time (HRT), large amount of energy consumption are required during the treatment of coking wastewater. wastewater characteristics, technical processes, operational time and equipment status (etc.) are the main factors affecting the energy consumption in coking wastewater treatment process. Thus, analyzing how these factors work systematically and looking for suitable model for the energy consumption will provide scientific basis for energy conservation during the treatment of coking wastewater. A real coking wastewater treatment project with the core process of OHO (oxic-hydrolytic-oxic) fluidized bed was investigated as a case study in this paper. The whole treatment process was composed of eight energy consumption systems including air flotation, wastewater distribution, sludge transportation, aeration, mixing, dehydration, chemical dosing and utility system according to the differences of energy consumption, disposal target and unit function. The total energy consumption model was obtained by weighing each energy-consuming unit. After that, the energy consumption value was calculated using actual HRT algorithm and 24 h retention time algorithm respectively. The accuracy of the model was evaluated by making a comparison between the calculated value and the actual electric meter readings during 24 h operation. The results indicate that the overall energy consumption of coking wastewater treatment process was strongly related to wastewater inflow rate, sludge production, dissolved oxygen, nitrification liquid reflux ratio, COD, and TN of the influent. The correlation coefficients were 0.93 and 0.97, and relative errors were 4.28%~19.18%, 3.45%~8.94% for HRT and 24 h retention time algorithms, respectively, which reveals the significant positive liner correlations between calculated and monitoring values, and proves the accuracy of the model. Therefore, the total energy consumption model based on unit system is a new systematic method which could be used to predict the energy consumption caused by the variation of wastewater characteristic, technological process, equipment status, etc.

• Key words：coking wastewater treatment  energy consumption model  OHO  energy-consuming unit  practical project

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