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研究报告

Preparation and adsorption properties of activated carbon from coffee grounds

基金项目：广东省科技计划项目（No.2014B020216009）；广东省教育厅高等院校学科建设专项资金（No.2014KTSP022）；广东省环保厅专项资金项目（No.2016）；佛山市科技创新项目（No.2016AG100482）

摘要：以咖啡渣为原料，采用真空热解及磷酸溶液辅助活化方式制备出活性炭，重点研究了不同活化参数对咖啡渣制备活性炭性能的影响.结果发现，咖啡渣热解自活化的最佳温度为450℃，在活化温度为600℃、真空度为-0.02 MPa、升温速率为20℃·min^-1、活化时间为30 min、浸渍比为1.6条件下制备的活性炭吸附性能最佳，此时活性炭得率为27.1%，比表面积为1250 m²·g^-1，碘吸附值为1398.4 mg·g^-1，亚甲基蓝吸附值为270.32 mg·g^-1.最佳工艺条件下制备的活性炭吸附100 mg·L^-1的Cr（Ⅵ）试验表明，在投加量为7 g·L^-1、吸附时间为80 min、pH为3.0和吸附温度为15℃条件下，活性炭对Cr（Ⅵ）的吸附量最大，最大去除率为87%.

Abstract：Activated carbon was made from coffee grounds impregnated by phosphoric acid through vacuum pyrolysis self-activation. Effects of various activation conditions on the performance of the coffee grounds activated carbon were considered. Experimental results show that the best absorption performance of the activated carbon under the optimum conditions of vacuum pyrolysis self-activation at operating temperature was 450℃, activation temperature was 600℃,-0.02 MPa of pyrolysis pressure, 20℃·min^-1 of heating rate, 30 min of activation time and impregnation ratio set as 1.6. Under these conditions, the relative surface area of activated carbon reached to 1250 m²·g^-1, and then, iodine and methylene blue adsorption efficiencies of activated carbon increased up to 1398.4 mg·g^-1 and 270.32 mg·g^-1, respectively. Additionally, the optimal preparation conditions of coffee grounds activated carbon was applied for 100 mg·L^-1 Cr(Ⅵ)absorption tests. Results show that the maximum adsorption capacity of heavy metal Cr(Ⅵ) was 87% at adsorption temperature of 15℃ under the activated carbon dosage of 7 g·L^-1, adsorption time 80 min, and pH 3.0.