研究报告
李家兵,汪旭明,谢蓉蓉,陈蕴姬,仝川.闽江口互花米草入侵过程对短叶茳芏沼泽沉积物硝化-反硝化作用的影响[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(3):1065-1073
闽江口互花米草入侵过程对短叶茳芏沼泽沉积物硝化-反硝化作用的影响
- Effects of Spartina alterniflora invasion on sediment nitrification-denitrification processes in the Cyperus malaccensis marsh of the Ming River Estuary
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.51541906）；福建省基本科研专项重点项目（No.2014R1034-1）；福建师范大学校级创新团队项目（No.IRTL1205）
- 作者
- 单位
- 李家兵
- 1. 福建师范大学地理科学学院, 福州 350007;2. 福建师范大学环境科学与工程学院, 福州 350007
- 汪旭明
- 5. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085;6. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
- 谢蓉蓉
- 福建师范大学环境科学与工程学院, 福州 350007
- 陈蕴姬
- 福建师范大学环境科学与工程学院, 福州 350007
- 仝川
- 1. 福建师范大学地理科学学院, 福州 350007;3. 福建师范大学亚热带湿地研究中心, 福州 350007;4. 福建师范大学湿润亚热带生态地理过程教育部重点实验室, 福州 350007
- 摘要：2014年4、7、10月和2015年1月在闽江口鳝鱼滩湿地选择未被入侵的短叶茳芏（Cyperus malaccensis）群落（A）、互花米草入侵斑块边缘（B）以及互花米草（Spartina alterniflora）入侵斑块中央（C）为研究对象，基于时空互代研究方法，探讨互花米草入侵序列下湿地沉积物硝化-反硝化变化规律.结果表明：在互花米草入侵序列中，湿地沉积物硝化速率为0.19~1.66 μmol·m-2·h-1，反硝化速率为12.41~27.19 μmol·m-2·h-1.沉积物硝化-反硝化作用存在明显的季节变化，硝化速率表现为夏季 > 春季 > 秋季 > 冬季，反硝化速率表现为夏季 > 秋季 > 冬季 > 春季；入侵不同状态下，沉积物硝化速率表现为B > C > A，反硝化速率表现为C > B > A.互花米草入侵提高了沉积物-水界面N2O交换通量.互花米草入侵引起的沉积物pH、NH4+-N、含水量、容重和电导率等理化性质的改变是导致不同入侵阶段沉积物硝化-反硝化速率以及N2O释放差异的重要原因.
- Abstract：The effects of exotic invasive species Spartina alterniflora on the nitrification and denitrification rates were studied in sediments of the native species Cyperus malaccensis marsh (A), the edge of S. alterniflora patch (B) and S. alterniflora patch (C) in the Shanyutan wetland of the Min River Estuary in July, April, October 2014 and January 2015. The nitrification and denitrification rates ranged from 0.19 to 1.66 μmol·m-2·h-1 and 12.41 to 27.19 μmol·m-2·h-1, respectively, in three studied sites. There were significantly seasonal variations of nitrification and denitrification rates in sediments, and the nitrification rates ranked in following order:summer > spring > autumn > winter, whereas the denitrification rates ranked in order of summer > autumn > spring > winter. The nitrification rates in the three sites sediments demonstrated the following order:B > C > A, whereas the denitrification rates showed the increasing order of C > B > A. The invasion of S. alterniflora also enhanced the N2O fluxes at the sediment-water interface. The changes of physical and chemical properties (pH, ammonium nitrogen, moisture, bulk density and electrical conductivity) in the sediments were possibly responsible for the differences of the nitrification and denitrification rates in the sediment and the N2O flux at the sediment-water interface in the different invasive stages of the Shanyutan wetland.
- Key words：S. alterniflora C. malaccensis invasion nitrification and denitrification N2O flux Min River Estuary
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