研究报告
胡馨月,叶红,宋金超,吝涛,李新虎,张国钦.基于城市功能区划分的道路机动车大气污染物排放清单研究——以厦门市海沧区为例[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(2):429-435
基于城市功能区划分的道路机动车大气污染物排放清单研究——以厦门市海沧区为例
- On-road vehicular emission inventory based on urban functional areas: A case of Haicang District in Xiamen
- 基金项目：高分辨率对地观测系统重大专项（No.30-Y30B13-9003-14/16）；国家重点研发计划专项项目（No.2016YFC0502700）
- 作者
- 单位
- 胡馨月
- 1. 中国科学院城市环境研究所, 城市环境与健康重点实验室, 厦门 361021;2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
- 叶红
- 中国科学院城市环境研究所, 城市环境与健康重点实验室, 厦门 361021
- 宋金超
- 中国科学院城市环境研究所, 城市环境与健康重点实验室, 厦门 361021
- 吝涛
- 中国科学院城市环境研究所, 城市环境与健康重点实验室, 厦门 361021
- 李新虎
- 中国科学院城市环境研究所, 城市环境与健康重点实验室, 厦门 361021
- 张国钦
- 中国科学院城市环境研究所, 城市环境与健康重点实验室, 厦门 361021
- 摘要：道路机动车尾气排放是造成城市近地面空气污染的主要原因之一，建立基于城市功能区划分的道路机动车大气污染物排放清单对改善中观尺度的城市空气质量具有重要辅助作用.本文以厦门市海沧区为例，基于城市功能区划分方法，结合各功能区内监测道路的机动车通行量实测数据，建立道路机动车大气污染物排放清单，并分析各功能区道路机动车大气污染物排放特征.结果发现，海沧区道路机动车尾气排放物中CO的排放贡献率最高，工业区和居住区的道路机动车大气污染物排放量对海沧区的空气污染贡献率最大，海沧区夜间大气污染物的主要排放源来自于工业区道路机动车大气污染物排放；生态服务区及公共管理与公共服务区的道路机动车排放特征受相邻工业区机动车大气污染物排放的影响较为显著.研究表明：城市功能区分布欠合理是导致道路机动车大气污染物高排放量的重要原因之一；基于城市功能区划分构建道路机动车大气污染物排放清单的研究方法，不仅可为中观尺度下的城市大气污染排放情况提供有效的调查途径，而且能为城市功能格局的合理规划提供重要的理论依据.
- Abstract：On-road vehicular emission is one of the main causes of urban air pollution. Developing on-road vehicular emission inventory based on urban functional areas is very important to improve the urban air quality in mesoscale. In this study, taking Haicang District in Xiamen City as an example, the on-road vehicular emission inventory was developed based on the actual traffic data of typical roads in different functional areas determined by the urban functional area division method. Characteristics of on-road vehicular emissions in different functional areas in Haicang were also analyzed. CO had the highest contribution to on-road vehicular emissions. On-road vehicular emissions from industrial and residential areas made the largest contributions to air pollution in Haicang. On-road vehicular emissions in Haicang at night were mostly from industrial area. On-road vehicular emissions from public administration and public services area and ecological service area were significantly influenced by those from industrial area. The results showed that unreasonable distribution of urban functional area was one of the important reasons for high on-road vehicular emission level in Haicang. Developing on-road vehicular emission inventory based on urban functional areas provided not only an effective method to survey urban air pollution, but also a scientific basis for reasonable planning and distribution of urban function areas.
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