研究报告
张涛,郭晓,刘俊杰,陈求稳,华国芬,刘孝利.江西梅江流域土壤中四环素类抗生素的含量及空间分布特征[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(4):1493-1501
江西梅江流域土壤中四环素类抗生素的含量及空间分布特征
- Concentration and spatial distribution of tetracycline antibiotics in soil of Meijiang river catchment, Jiangxi Province
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（No.51279196）；江苏省水利厅水利科技重大项目（No.2015005）
- 作者
- 单位
- 张涛
- 南京水利科学研究院生态环境研究中心, 南京 210029
- 郭晓
- 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085
- 刘俊杰
- 江苏省水文水资源勘测局, 南京 210098
- 陈求稳
- 南京水利科学研究院生态环境研究中心, 南京 210029
- 华国芬
- 南京水利科学研究院生态环境研究中心, 南京 210029
- 刘孝利
- 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085
- 摘要：选取养殖业发达的江西梅江流域，利用固相萃取和超高效液相色谱-质谱联用法测定土壤中11种四环素类（Tetracyclines，TCs）抗生素的污染水平，研究流域范围内土壤中TCs的空间分布特征，分析不同土壤类型及土地利用类型对土壤中残留TCs的浓度影响.结果表明，流域土壤中TCs浓度范围为0~59.77 μg·kg-1，其中土霉素（Oxytetracycline，OTC）的检出率为100%，且浓度较高，是梅江流域TCs污染的主要组成成分.11种TCs总浓度（∑TCs）的空间分布特征主要表现为流域上游>下游，且各子流域土壤中 TCs 浓度与相应的养殖密度并无显著关系.不同土壤类型中∑TCs浓度顺序为红壤> 紫色土> 水稻土，土地利用类型也是影响其浓度的重要因素，∑TCs浓度在耕地中最大，林地次之，草地相对较小，其他（城镇用地等）最小.四环素（TC）在迁移过程中的主要降解产物为4-差向脱水四环素（4-Epianhydrotetracycline，EATC），其环境毒性及浓度均高于母体，具有较高的潜在生态风险.
- Abstract：By collecting samples in Meijiang Catchment of Jiangxi Province, an area with intensive poultry farming, this study investigated the spatial distribution of eleven tetracycline antibiotics (Tetracyclines, TCs) and analyzed the effect from different soil types and land use conditions on the concentrations of residual TCs in soil. The eleven antibiotics were extracted by solid phase extraction and detected by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The result showed that the concentration of TCs ranged from 0 to 59.77 μg·kg-1. Oxtetracycline (OTC) was dominant in antibiotics with 100% detection rate at all sites and with relatively high concentrations. The total concentrations of eleven TCs were higher in upstream than downstream, whereas no significant correlation was observed between TCs concentration in soil and stocking density in each sub-basin. The total concentrations of eleven TCs in the three soil types ranked in the following order: red soil > purple soil > paddy soils. The land use types were found to be an important factor affecting the concentrations of TCs. Total concentrations of eleven TCs were the highest in the tillage, followed by forestland, grassland, and others (urban land, etc.). The main degradation product of TC was EATC which caused highly potential ecological risk due to its high toxicity and concentration.
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