• 关键词：生态系统服务功能  供给功能  净化功能  贵州省  水生态占用  水生态承载力  水生态压力

• 基金项目：贵州省科技创新人才团队（No.[2014]4014）；国家重点研发计划（No.2016YFC0400708）；贵州应用基础重大科技专项（No.JZ[2014]200206）

• 潘真真
• 1 重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院, 重庆 401331;2 重庆市三峡库区地表过程与环境遥感重点实验室, 重庆 401331

• 苏维词
• 1 重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院, 重庆 401331;2 贵州科学院山地资源研究所, 贵阳 550001;3 重庆市三峡库区地表过程与环境遥感重点实验室, 重庆 401331

• 王建伟
• 中国地质大学生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室, 武汉 430074

• 郭晓娜
• 1 重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院, 重庆 401331;2 重庆市三峡库区地表过程与环境遥感重点实验室, 重庆 401331

• 摘要：针对传统及现有水生态足迹理论及其模型存在的缺陷与不足,本文提出了基于生态系统供给及净化服务功能的贵州省水生态占用概念与模型,将其划分为生物生产和非生物生产的水生态占用两部分,建立水产品、水资源、水环境3类账户,并在此基础上以2000—2014年的贵州省为例进行计算分析,结果表明：①水产品账户中,贵州省水产品消费的水生态占用总体呈上升趋势,水生态承载力波动变化较小,水产品消费呈生态赤字状态,且其生态压力较大；②水资源账户中,贵州省淡水资源的水生态占用整体呈逐渐上升趋势,水生态承载力则呈明显波动的趋势,且变化幅度较大,淡水资源消费处于生态盈余状态,且其与水生态承载力的变化态势一致,淡水资源消费的生态压力较小；③水环境账户中,水环境生态压力主要来源于氮污染,2000—2010年消纳污染的水生态占用变化不大,2011—2014年波动较大,历年生活水污染账户值均大于工业,今后要注重加强生活水污染防治,消纳污染的水生态承载力呈波动变化的趋势,水环境处于生态赤字状态,且其生态压力较高；④与现有生态足迹模型的比较分析可知：该模型核算更为全面；不考虑均衡因子,并以最大水生态压力指数来评价区域水生态系统所承受的压力状态具有合理性,更能准确反映贵州水生态的实际情况和水生态文明建设的需要.

• Abstract：As for defects and shortage of the traditional and existing water ecological footprint theory and model, This paper proposed the concept and model of water ecological footprint based on ecosystem supply and purification Services function. water Ecological footprint was divided into two parts: biological production and non-biological, and three types of account: aquatic products, water resource, water environment, were established, and the calculation and analyzis were conducted taken Guizhou in 2000—2014 as example. The results show that:①In the aquatic products accounts, As a whole, the ecological footprint of aquatic products consumption were generally on an upward trend; the volatility of aquatic products ecological carrying capacity was lower, aquatic products consumption were in the serious situation of ecological deficit, and its ecological pressure was large;② In the fresh water resources accounts, the overall trend of fresh water resource ecological footprint was gradually rising in guizhou, fresh water ecological carrying capacity has an evident fluctuation trend and shows a wide range, fresh water resources were surplus and has the same change with the ecological carrying capacity, its ecological pressure was less;③ In the water environment accounts, water environment ecological pressure mainly comes from nitrogen pollution, water ecological footprint of sustaining pollution were little changed in 2000—2010, but it fluctuated widely in 2011—2014,domestic water pollution account values were greater than industrial water pollution over the years, and we should focus on domestic water pollution prevention in the future, water ecological carrying capacity of sustaining pollution has a fluctuation changed significantly trend, water environment were in the serious situation of ecological deficit, and its ecological pressure was large;④ A conclusion can be drawn from the comparative analysis of existing models that: this model accounted more complete, excluding equilibrium factor and proving the pressure of water ecosystem was evaluated by the maximum ecological pressure index would be more reasonable, reflecting the actual situation of water ecology in Guizhou was more accurately and corresponds with the need of the water ecological civilization construction.

• Key words：ecosystem services function  supply functions  purification function  Guizhou province  water ecological footprint  water ecological carrying capacity  water ecological pressure

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