• 关键词：大溪水库  水质  时空变化  富营养化

• 基金项目：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（No.2012ZX07103-003）

• 刘淼
• 1 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008;2 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

• 陈开宁
• 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008

• 孙淑雲
• 1 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008;2 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

• 古小治
• 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008

• 高荣平
• 溧阳市天目湖生态环境保护领导小组办公室, 溧阳 213300

• 蒋海青
• 溧阳市天目湖生态环境保护领导小组办公室, 溧阳 213300

• 摘要：为探究大溪水库水质时空变化规律和影响因素,利用2011—2015年大溪水库常规水质调查数据,综合分析了大溪水库主要污染物浓度、水质等级和富营养化指数的时空变化特征,并对其影响因素进行了解析.结果表明：总氮、总磷、叶绿素a和高锰酸盐指数具有明显的季节性差异（p<0.05）,总氮、总磷浓度表现出与降水季节性变化的一致性,在夏季最高；Chl-a浓度在夏、秋季高,冬、春季低,与总磷呈现显著正相关（p<0.05）,与氮磷比呈显著负相关（p<0.05）；COD_Mn呈现夏、秋季高于冬、春季的季节变化规律；在空间上,按空间分布特征将大溪水库分为3个区域：河口区Z1、湖心区Z2和大坝区Z3,分区统计结果显示,Z1区水质最差,而Z2和Z3区水质较好.2011—2015年的水库水质等级评价表明,全库83%的区域达到了地表水III类水质要求,仅Z1区域范围内处于地表IV类水限定范围内,约占水库面积的17%；2011—2015年间全库区水体富营养化指数（TLI）低于50,属于中营养状态.大溪水库水质的季节性波动受降水影响显著,以地表径流和入库河流携带输入外源污染为主要污染源,调整当地土地利用结构,减少农业施肥量与旅游业污水排放,削减入库水体的污染物浓度,是保护大溪水库的关键.

• Abstract：To explore the water quality variations of Reservoir Daxi and their driving factors, the spatial-temporal variability, water quality grade and eutrophication status of Reservoir Daxi were comprehensively analyzed using the water quality data of Reservoir Daxi during 2011—2015, respectively. The results indicate that,1the concentration of Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and COD_Mn vary seasonally obviously. The seasonal variations of TN and TP concentrations show the consistency with the amount of precipitation, which was highest in summer. The Chl-a and COD_Mn concentration were higher in summer and autumn than in winter and spring, and the Chl-a displayed a significant positive correlation with TP (p<0.05) but a significant negative correlation with TN/TP (p<0.05). According to the spatial distribution of water quality, the Daxi Reservoir was divided into three regions: Z1, Z2 and Z3, with good water quality in Z2 and Z3, and the worst in Z1.283% of the whole reservoir area from 2011 to 2015 reached Grade III of surface water quality requirements, except for Z1 area, accounting for 17% of the reservoir area, in which the water quality reached the limits of surface water grade IV and. The trophic level indices (TLI) of Reservoir Daxi were all less than 50 during 2011—2015, which indicate that Reservoir Daxi has become mesotrophic. The seasonal fluctuation of water quality in Daxi Reservoir was significantly affected by the precipitation, and external pollution loading by runoff was the main source of pollutions. Adjusting the local landuse structure and reducing the amount of fertilizers and sewage discharged from tourism industry are important strategy to protect Daxi Reservoir.

• Key words：Reservoir Daxi  water quality  spatial-temporal variability  eutrophication

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