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研究报告

Preparation of Mn-Zn ferrite from spent Zn-Mn batteries using bioleaching liquor as precursor

基金项目：陕西省高水平大学专项资金项目（No.2013SXTS03）；延安市科技创新团队项目（No.2015CHTD-04）；延安大学博士科研启动项目（No.YDBK2017）；延安大学引导项目（No.YDY2017-10）；延安大学校级大创项目（No.D2016042）

摘要：以氧化硫硫杆菌（A. thiooxidans）和氧化亚铁钩端螺旋菌（L. ferrooxidans）为混合淋滤菌株对废旧锌锰电池进行了生物浸提，并以获取的淋滤液为前驱体，采用水热法制备出系列锰锌铁氧体软磁材料（Mn_1-xZn_xFe₂O₄， x=0.2~0.8）；结合X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜-能谱（SEM-EDX）、振动样品磁强计（VSM）、透射电镜（TEM）、红外光谱（FT-IR）、热重-差热分析（TG-DTA）等表征手段对制备材料的结构、形貌、磁学性能和稳定性进行分析.结果表明，在5%固液比（质量体积比，5 g/100 mL，以下均表述为"5%固液比"）下，经过5 d的外源酸调控生物浸提，分别获得了84.5%、63.2%的Zn、Mn浸出效率；当Zn：Mn：Fe=0.4：0.6：2.0（物质的量比，即x=0.4）时，制备的纳米级Mn_0.6Zn_0.4Fe₂O₄性能最优，属纯相的立方尖晶石结构，颗粒分布均匀，饱和磁化强度（M_s）、剩余磁化强度（M_r）和矫顽力（H_c）分别为68.9 emu·g^-1、4.7 emu·g^-1和53.6 Oe，具有热稳定性和耐酸碱性，有望成为一种新型的水处理磁性材料.

Abstract：A.thiooxidans and L. ferriphilumand were used for bioleaching Zn/Mn from the spent Zn-Mn batteries electrode materials, and then the series of Mn-Zn ferritet soft materials (Mn_1-xZn_xFe₂O₄,x=0.2~0.8) were prepared by using hydrothermal synthesis method through bioleaching leachate as a precursor. In addition, the structure, morphology, magnetic properties and stability of the products were characterized by using XRD,SEM-EDX, VSM, TEM, FT-IR and TG-DTA. Experimental results show that the release efficiency were 84.5% for Zn and 63.2% for Mn under the condition of 5% solid content and 5-day exogenous acid to regulate bioleaching. The results indicate that Mn_0.6Zn_0.4Fe₂O₄ nanoparticle had a good magnetic separation property, thermal stability and higher acid-basic resistance. The prepared nanoparticles subordinated to pure cubic spinel structure with homogeneous particulate distribution,and its saturation magnetization, remanent magnetization and coercivity were 68.9 emu·g^-1, 4.7 emu·g^-1 and 53.6 Oe, respectively. It is expected to be a new magnetic material for water treatment.

Key words：spent Zn-Mn batteries bioleaching hydrothermal method Zn-Mn ferrite