• 关键词：厌氧氨氧化  同位素配对技术  潜在速率  影响因子  太湖西部湖区

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金重点基金（No.41230640）；江苏省水利科技项目（No.2016022）

• 罗跃辉
• 1. 南京大学表生地球化学教育部重点实验室, 南京 210023;2. 南京大学地球科学与工程学院, 南京 210023

• 阮晓红
• 1. 南京大学表生地球化学教育部重点实验室, 南京 210023;2. 南京大学地球科学与工程学院, 南京 210023

• 李荣富
• 1. 南京大学表生地球化学教育部重点实验室, 南京 210023;2. 南京大学地球科学与工程学院, 南京 210023

• 张亚平
• 1. 南京大学表生地球化学教育部重点实验室, 南京 210023;2. 南京大学地球科学与工程学院, 南京 210023

• 摘要：厌氧氨氧化作为一种异于反硝化的氮转化途径，可同时将氨氮与亚硝氮转化为氮气，是沉积环境中重要的脱氮过程.本文基于¹⁵N同位素配对技术，利用¹⁵NH₄⁺、¹⁵NH₄⁺+¹⁴NO₃^-和¹⁵NO₃^-三组同位素开展泥浆培养试验，研究了四季太湖西部湖区沉积物厌氧氨氧化潜在速率及其脱氮贡献率；结合厌氧氨氧化功能基因丰度及沉积物理化特征，探讨了沉积物厌氧氨氧化潜在速率季节性差异的成因.研究结果表明：沉积物厌氧氨氧化潜在速率存在显著的季节差异性，夏、秋季显著高于春、冬季，秋季最高，为10.11 μmol·kg^-1·h^-1（以N₂计，下同），冬季最低，为3.24 μmol·kg^-1·h^-1；沉积物总脱氮速率为10.67~31.02 μmol·kg^-1·h^-1，其中厌氧氨氧化脱氮效应显著，四季脱氮贡献率高达30% ~ 40%.有机质、氨氮及其功能基因丰度是影响厌氧氨氧化潜在速率的重要因子，研究区域沉积物孔隙水夏、秋季氨氮浓度和厌氧氨氧化功能基因丰度均高于春、冬季，沉积物有机质含量低于春、冬季，厌氧氨氧化潜在速率随沉积物孔隙水氨氮及其功能基因丰度升高而升高，随沉积物有机质升高而降低.

• Abstract：Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) is an important nitrogen removal pathway which differs from denitrification and can concurrently transform ammonium and nitrite to N₂ in sedimentary environments. In this study, with the slurry incubation experiment, ANAMMOX rate and the contribution to the nitrogen loss in the sediments at west Taihu Lake in four seasons were quantitatively investigated with ¹⁵N-labeled NH₄⁺ and NO₃^- based on isotope pairing technique. The seasonal variations of the potential ANAMMOX rate and the causes were discussed based on the abundance of ANAMMOX functional genes and the physico-chemical characteristics of the sediments. The main findings were as follows. The ANAMMOX rates varied significantly with seasons, higher in summer and autumn. The total nitrogen loss rate in the sediments ranged from 10.67 μmol·kg^-1·h^-1 to 31.02 μmol·kg^-1·h^-1. ANAMMOX played a key role in the nitrogen loss process and accounted for 30% to 40% of the total N₂ production. Ammonium, organic matter and ANAMMOX functional genes were closely related to potential ANAMMOX rate. The concentration of ammonium in sediment pore water and the abundance of ANAMMOX functional genes were higher while the contents of organic matter in sediments were lower in summer and autumn than those in spring and winter. The potential ANAMMOX rate exhibited a positive correlation with the concentration of ammonium in pore water and the abundance of ANAMMOX functional genes, and exhibited a negative correlation with the content of organic matter in the sediments.

• Key words：anaerobic ammonium oxidation  isotope pairing technique  potential ANAMMOX rate  influencing factors  west Taihu Lake

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