• 关键词：厌氧氨氧化细菌  hzsB功能基因  湿地沉积物  群落结构  冗余分析

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.41671471）；中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（No.XDB15020303）；环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室专项经费项目（No.14L01ESPC）；中国科学院饮用水科学与技术重点实验室2015年度自由研究课题（No.15Z07KLDWST）；中国科学院青年创新促进会项目

• 徐栎亚
• 1. 华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院, 上海 200237;2. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心饮用水科学与技术重点实验室, 北京 100085

• 赵雪
• 中国科学院生态环境研究中心饮用水科学与技术重点实验室, 北京 100085

• 庄林杰
• 1. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心饮用水科学与技术重点实验室, 北京 100085;2. 中国建筑上海设计研究院有限公司, 上海 200063

• 李怡潇
• 中国科学院生态环境研究中心饮用水科学与技术重点实验室, 北京 100085

• 刘莉莉
• 华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院, 上海 200237

• 祝贵兵
• 中国科学院生态环境研究中心饮用水科学与技术重点实验室, 北京 100085

• 摘要：采用基于厌氧氨氧化细菌功能基因hzsB（联氨合成酶关键基因）PCR扩增的高通量测序，研究了典型湿地沉积物中厌氧氨氧化细菌的群落结构.结果表明，沿纬度梯度分布的10个典型湿地沉积物样品的测序序列经处理后共得到190578条序列，在90%的相似度下聚类得到77个OTUs.基因丰度值显示，10个样品的基因拷贝数在5.42×10⁴~4.20×10⁶ copies·g^-1之间.群落组成结果表明，在典型湿地沉积物中，序列主要隶属于‘Ca.Brocadia’（54.09%）、‘Ca.Jettenia’（30.97%）、‘Ca.Kuenenia’（6.95%）、‘Ca.Scalindua’（7.91%）.相对丰度结果显示，各样点的主导菌属有差别.多样性分析（OTUs水平）表明，在本研究的湿地沉积物中，低纬度样点的多样性普遍高于高纬度样点.PCoA分析（OTUs水平）表明，各湿地样点厌氧氨氧化细菌的群落组成表现出明显的差异性.相关性分析（α=0.10）表明，在典型湿地沉积物中，厌氧氨氧化细菌的丰度与有机质、总氮、总碳、总硫呈负相关.冗余分析表明，‘Ca.Jettenia’与NH₄⁺显著正相关，‘Ca.Scalindua’与盐度显著正相关，‘Ca.Kuenenia’在所有测定理化因子中与盐度的正相关性最显著.综上，针对厌氧氨氧化细菌hzsB功能基因扩增进行高通量测序较好地揭示了典型湿地沉积物中厌氧氨氧化细菌的多样性、群落组成及其与环境因子的关系.

• Abstract：The PCR amplification and high throughput sequencing aiming at the hydrazine synthase β-subunit (hzsB) of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria was used to investigate the community structure of anammox bacteria in wetland sediments. Results show that in the ten samples distributed along latitude gradients, totally 190578 preprocessed reads were obtained and could be clustered into 77 OTUs (operational taxonomical units) at 90% sequence similarity. The abundance of anammox bacteria ranged from 5.42×10⁴ to 4.20×10⁶ copies·g^-1. Results of community analysis show that the sequences in the ten wetland sediments were mainly affiliated to ‘Ca. Brocadia’ accounting for 54.09%, ‘Ca. Jettenia’ 30.97%, ‘Ca. Kuenenia’ 6.95%, and ‘Ca. Scalindua’ 7.91% respectively. The relative abundance results revealed distinguishable dominated genera in various wetland sediments. Result of diversity analysis (based on OTUs level) show that the anammox bacteria in low latitudes had generally higher diversity than those in high latitudes. PCoA analysis (based on OTUs level) illustrated that the community composition of anammox bacteria varied in wetland samples. Correlation analysis (α=0.10) indicated that the abundance of anammox bacteria was negatively correlated with total organic matter, total nitrogen, total carbon, and total sulfur. RDA analysis showed that ‘Ca. Jettenia’ was positively correlated with ammonium, ‘Ca. Scalindua’ positively correlated with salinity, ‘Ca. Kuenenia’ was significantly correlated with salinity in all environmental factors measured. To summarize, the PCR amplification and high throughput sequencing for the functional gene (hzsB) of anammox bacteria revealed effectively the diversity, community structure of anammox bacteria and the relationship with environmental factors in wetland sediments.

• Key words：anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria  hzsB functional gene  wetland sediment  community structure  RDA analysis

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