研究报告
侯胜男,汤琳,郑娜,杨翼羽.典型锌冶金区蔬菜重金属的生物可给性及健康风险评价[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(1):343-349
典型锌冶金区蔬菜重金属的生物可给性及健康风险评价
- Bioaccessibility and health risk assessment of heavy metals in vegetables of typical mining area
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.41571474，41722110）；吉林省自然科学基金（No.20170101203JC）；中国科学院"135"计划（No.Y6H2081001）
- 作者
- 单位
- 侯胜男
- 1. 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所湿地生态与环境重点实验室, 长春 130102;2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
- 汤琳
- 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所湿地生态与环境重点实验室, 长春 130102
- 郑娜
- 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所湿地生态与环境重点实验室, 长春 130102
- 杨翼羽
- 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所湿地生态与环境重点实验室, 长春 130102
- 摘要：为了探究冶金区蔬菜重金属污染状况及对人体的危害，以葫芦岛锌冶炼厂周围为研究区域，对8种典型蔬菜中重金属含量进行分析，采用体外胃肠模拟实验，测算出蔬菜中重金属的生物可给性，并以此修正健康风险评价计算方法.结果表明，蔬菜中各重金属的生物可给性在模拟胃阶段表现为：Cd（67.67%） > Pb（50.70%） > Cu（44.69%） > Hg（3.09%）；在模拟肠阶段表现为：Pb（48.90%） > Cd（40.66%） > Cu（32.88%） > Hg（13.12%）.由生物可给性校正后，人群通过饮食蔬菜途径摄入重金属的目标危险系数（THQ）顺序依次为：Cd > Pb > Cu > Hg.基于胃肠阶段生物可给性计算的重金属单元素的目标危险系数（THQ）及多种重金属复合的目标危险系数（TTHQ）均小于1，但基于胃阶段生物可给性的Cd目标危险系数（THQ）仍然超过1，表明锌厂周围人群通过饮食蔬菜途径摄入重金属存在健康风险.成人的4种单元素THQ值和TTHQ值均高于儿童，说明成人通过饮食蔬菜途径摄入重金属的健康风险高于儿童.
- Abstract：To understand the contamination of heavy metals in metallurgical area and their harm to human,the area around Huludao Zinc Plant was selected to investigate the occurrences of heavy metals contents in eight vegetables. The bioaccessibility of heavy metals in vegetables was evaluated by in vitro gastrointestinal experiments,and the calculation methods of health risk assessment were calibrated. Their bioaccessibility showed Cd (67.67%) > Pb (50.70%) > Cu (44.69%) > Hg (3.09%) in stomach phase; and Pb (48.90%) > Cd (40.66%) > Cu (32.88%) > Hg (13.12%) in intestinal phase. Upon bioaccessibility correction,the target hazard quotient (THQ) of heavy metal contamination for local residents via dietary consumption of vegetables followed:Cd > Pb > Cu > Hg. THQ and TTHQ for heavy metals based on bioaccessibility in intestinal phase were calculated to be less than 1,but THQ for Cd in stomach phase exceeded 1,indicating that intake of heavy metals through consuming vegetables would pose potential health risks to individuals in the vicinity of Zinc plant. Additionally,THQ and TTHQ of four heavy metals for adults were higher than those of children.
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