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研究报告

On the distribution characteristics and sources of black carbon in topsoils of Lanzhou

基金项目：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（No.41504056）；中国科学院"西部之光"青年学者B类项目；甘肃省科技支撑计划项目（No.1604FKCA096）；中国博士后科学基金项目（No.2015M580892，2017T100785）；兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（No.lzujbky-2016-264）

摘要：为探究兰州市城市表土中黑碳（Black Carbon，简称BC）的分布特征及其来源，在兰州市主城区（城关区、七里河区、安宁区和西固区）道路沿线绿化带采集了95个表层（0~5 cm）土壤样品，并使用重铬酸钾氧化法测定其黑碳含量.结果表明：兰州市表土黑碳含量在1.02~74.27 g·kg^-1之间，黑碳含量空间分布表现为城关区 > 七里河区 > 西固区 > 安宁区，高值区域主要集中在工厂周围和交通密集区.进一步分析发现，黑碳与有机碳（Organic Carbon，简称OC）比值（BC/OC）的平均值为0.34；黑碳与有机碳含量及砷（As）、铜（Cu）、铅（Pb）、锌（Zn）等重金属元素含量显著相关.研究表明，兰州市表土中黑碳主要来源于本地交通排放和局部工业活动过程中化石燃料燃烧和工业粉尘沉积.

Abstract：In order to investigate the distribution characteristics and concentration of black carbon in topsoils of Lanzhou,95 samples(0~5 cm) were collected in topsoils from greenbelts along the roads of Chengguan district,Qilihe district,Anning district and Xigu district of Lanzhou City,by the dichromate potassium oxidation method. The results indicated that the concentrations of black carbon ranged from 1.02 g·kg^-1 to 74.27 g·kg^-1,concentrations of black carbon in topsoils from different areas decreased in the sequence of Chengguan district > Qilihe district > Xigu district > Anning district,the value is higher around the factories and traffic-intensive areas than other areas; the mean value of BC/OC is 0.34. Significant positive correlation was observed between black carbon and organic carbon,heavy metals (As,Cu,Pb,Zn) in the topsoils. The result suggested that black carbon in Lanzhou topsoils mainly comes from traffic emission and fossil fuel combustion of local industries and industrial dust deposit.