研究报告
严仁嫦,叶辉,林旭,何曦,陈超,沈建东,许凯儿,郑仙珏,王丽吉.杭州市臭氧污染特征及影响因素分析[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(3):1128-1136
杭州市臭氧污染特征及影响因素分析
- Characteristics and influence factors of ozone pollution in Hangzhou
- 基金项目：杭州市农业科研自主申报项目（No.20170533B15，20160533B83）；2017年农业与社会发展主动设计项目（No.20172016A107）
- 作者
- 单位
- 严仁嫦
- 杭州市环境监测中心站, 杭州 310007
- 叶辉
- 杭州市环境监测中心站, 杭州 310007
- 林旭
- 杭州市环境监测中心站, 杭州 310007
- 何曦
- 杭州市环境监测中心站, 杭州 310007
- 陈超
- 杭州市环境监测中心站, 杭州 310007
- 沈建东
- 杭州市环境监测中心站, 杭州 310007
- 许凯儿
- 杭州市环境监测中心站, 杭州 310007
- 郑仙珏
- 杭州市环境监测中心站, 杭州 310007
- 王丽吉
- 浙江省气象信息网络中心, 杭州 310017
- 摘要：为研究杭州市夏季臭氧（O3）污染特征及其影响因素，统计分析了2013—2016年杭州市O3监测数据与杭州市气象数据，并结合AIRS卫星O3数据探讨了台风天气系统对杭州市近地面O3浓度的影响.结果表明：2013—2016年，杭州市O3污染逐年加重，O3浓度高值持续时间延长.O3浓度与太阳辐射、温度相关，每年5月和8月太阳辐射强、温度高，O3污染最严重；全天O3浓度呈单峰日变化，峰值出现在午后（~14：00）太阳辐射较强、温度最高时.杭州市在日降水为0且12：00—15：00太阳辐射通量均值高于200 W·m-2天气条件下，风向为东、东北或东南风且风速低于3 m·s-1时，O3浓度相对较高，易出现超标情况.台风天气系统对杭州市近地面O3浓度有明显影响，以2014年10号台风"麦德姆"为例，台风外围系统影响到杭州时，偏东气流可将杭州以东地区高浓度O3输送到杭州，同时下沉气流导致污染物在近地层积聚不易扩散，造成近地层O3浓度升高.
- Abstract：To investigate the characteristics and essential influence factors of near-surface layer ozone (O3) pollution in Hangzhou, this article analyzed the national environmental monitoring O3 data and meteorological data of Hangzhou during 2013-2016. The O3 data derived from the Aqua Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) were used to analyze the impact of typhoon system on surface O3 concentration in Hangzhou. The observational analysis shows that the O3 pollution became increasingly serious from 2013 to 2016 with extended duration of high-level O3. The O3 concentration showed obvious positive correlation with solar radiation and temperature. Severe high O3 episodes usually occurred in May and August because of strong solar radiation and high temperature. The diurnal variation of O3 concentration showed a unimodal distribution with a maximum in the afternoon (~14:00), corresponding to the strongest solar radiation and maximum temperature. The abnormally high O3 concentration was prone to occur when the following three conditions apply simultaneously:daily precipitation amounts is zero; the average solar radiation from 12:00 to 15:00 is higher than 200 W·m-2; easterly, northeast or southeast with wind speed lower than 3 m·s-1. In addition, the typhoon system has a significant effect on near-surface O3 concentration in Hangzhou. Taking typhoon Matmo in 2014 as an example, the surface O3 concentration in Hangzhou has remarkably increased due to the airflow of the typhoon periphery:the east airflow can transport the comparatively high concentration O3 from east region to Hangzhou, while the downward airflows lead to the accumulation of pollutants in the boundary layer.
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