• 关键词：重金属  大米  稻田土壤  电子垃圾  膳食暴露  健康风险

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（No.41373105）；安徽师范大学博士科研启动项目（No.2017XJJ39）

• 吴江平
• 1. 安徽省水土污染治理与修复工程实验室, 芜湖 241003;2. 安徽师范大学环境科学与工程学院, 芜湖 241003

• 陈小云
• 安徽师范大学环境科学与工程学院, 芜湖 241003

• 韩义君
• 安徽师范大学环境科学与工程学院, 芜湖 241003

• 佘雅哲
• 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室, 广州 510640

• 罗孝俊
• 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室, 广州 510640

• 周守标
• 1. 安徽省水土污染治理与修复工程实验室, 芜湖 241003;2. 安徽师范大学环境科学与工程学院, 芜湖 241003

• 麦碧娴
• 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室, 广州 510640

• 摘要：As、Cd、Cu、Pb等重金属是废旧电子电器产品（电子垃圾）拆解过程释放的一类重要的有害化学物质.大米是电子垃圾拆解地居民主要的食物，大米中的重金属含量直接关系到当地居民的食品安全和健康风险.本研究测定了广东省清远市电子垃圾拆解地4个拆解点稻田土壤和稻米中As、Cd、Cu和Pb的含量水平，并评估了土壤中重金属的生态风险和当地居民食用大米中的重金属的健康风险.电子垃圾拆解地稻田土壤中As、Cd、Cu和Pb的平均含量分别为8.9~9.4、0.73~1.94、75~195和54~87 mg·kg^-1，稻米中As、Cd、Cu和Pb的平均含量分别为0.11~0.17、0.11~0.66、7.54~21.6和0.27~0.42 mg·kg^-1（以稻米干重计）.电子垃圾拆解地土壤和稻米中Cd、Cu和Pb的含量是对照区的2~15倍，但As的含量与对照区无显著性差异.土壤中重金属的生态风险评估结果显示，电子垃圾拆解地稻田土壤中的Cd具有极强生态风险.当地居民膳食暴露风险评估结果提示，电子垃圾拆解地当地居民大米中的Cd和Cu可能存在较高健康风险，且Cd具有较高的致癌风险.

• Abstract：Heavy metals such as As, Cd, Cu and Pb are an important class of hazardous chemicals that can be released from electronic waste (e-waste) recycling. Rice is the main crop and staple food in the e-waste recycling sites, and heavy metal contents in rice is closely related to the food safety and human health risks for the local residents. In this study, the concentrations of As, Cd, Cu and Pb and its potential ecological and health risks were investigated in the paddy soil and rice grain samples collected from 4 sites of an e-waste recycling area located in Qingyuan City, Guangdong Province, China. Mean levels of As, Cd, Cu and Pb ranged 8.9~9.4, 0.73~1.94, 75~195 and 54~87 mg·kg^-1, respectively, in the paddy soils from the e-waste sites, and 0.11~0.17, 0.11~0.66, 7.54~21.6 and 0.27~0.42 ng·g^-1 dry weight in rice grains, respectively. The concentrations of Cd, Cu and Pb in the paddy soils and rice grains from the e-waste recycling sites were 2~15 folds higher than those examined in the reference site; while the levels of As were not significantly different between the e-waste recycling sites and the reference site. Ecological risks assessment for heavy metals in the paddy soils from e-waste sites suggested a very high risk of Cd. Risk assessment for local resident of e-waste recycling sites indicated that the elevated levels of Cd and Cu in local rice might cause serious health effects through the ingestion of contaminated rice, and Cd might cause a relative high risk of cancer.

• Key words：heavy metal  rice  paddy soil  electronic waste  dietary exposure  health risk

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