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研究报告

Characteristics of black carbon aerosols in urban Guangzhou: influencing factors in dry and rainy seasons

吴兑
1. 暨南大学质谱仪器与大气环境研究所, 广州 510632;2. 暨南大学广东省大气污染在线源解析系统工程技术研究中心, 广州 510632;3. 中山大学大气科学学院, 广州 510275

摘要：为了解广州市城区不同季节黑碳气溶胶（BC）的时间变化规律及污染特征，利用广州市天河区暨南大学大气超级监测站AE-33黑碳仪在2015年干季（10、11月）和2016年湿季（4、5月）观测得到的BC数据及常规气象资料，针对BC在不同时间段的污染特征及来源进行了分析.结果表明：广州城区干季和湿季的BC平均浓度分别为（3.75±2.55）、（2.62±1.39） μg· m^-3，本底浓度分别为（2.09±0.61）、（1.85±0.49） μg· m^-3，干季BC污染较湿季严重，干季BC变化范围大于湿季；广州城区BC浓度呈白天低，夜间高的特点，BC波动在夜间更加剧烈；干湿两季的BC日变化特征有明显差异，干季呈现"双峰形"，湿季呈现"单峰形"；基于AAE的分析得出广州城区BC主要来源于化石燃料燃烧，干季AAE值大于湿季，是由于干季广州周边地区生物质燃烧事件增多，导致干季生物质燃烧对广州城区BC的贡献大于湿季.

Abstract：To obtain better understandings on the spatial/temporal variations as well as pollution characteristics of black carbon (BC) in urban Guangzhou, BC concentrations measured by Aethalometer (AE33) and meteorological data in dry season (Oct. and Nov.) of 2015 and rainy season (Apr. and May.) of 2016 are used to investigate the characteristics and sources of BC in different periods. Major findings include:the hourly average mass concentration of BC in dry season and rainy season in GZ were (3.75±2.55) μg· m^-3 and (2.62±1.39) μg· m^-3 respectively. The background concentrations of the two periods were (2.09±0.61) μg· m^-3 and (1.85±0.49) μg· m^-3 respectively. It was found that BC mass concentration of dry season was higher than that of rainy season. The BC variations covered a wider range in dry season than in rainy season. The BC concentration in GZ was higher at night-time and lower during the daytime, and fluctuated more violently during the night-time. The diurnal pattern of BC was very different between dry season and rainy season. BC exhibited "bimodal" in dry season and "unimodal" in rainy season. Based on the AAE analysis, BC source in downtown of GZ was dominated by fossil fuel combustion. The contribution from biomass burning in dry season was higher than that in rainy season.