• 关键词：降水  氧稳定同位素  聚类分析  分区  逐步回归分析

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（No.41571021，41772373）；湖南省重点学科建设项目（No.20160001）

• 周慧
• 湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院, 长沙 410081

• 章新平
• 1. 湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院, 长沙 410081;2. 湖南师范大学地理空间大数据挖掘与应用湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410081

• 姚天次
• 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室, 北京 100101

• 华明权
• 湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院, 长沙 410081

• 罗紫东
• 湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院, 长沙 410081

• 孙惠惠
• 湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院, 长沙 410081

• 饶志国
• 湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院, 长沙 410081

• 贺新光
• 1. 湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院, 长沙 410081;2. 湖南师范大学地理空间大数据挖掘与应用湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410081

• 摘要：分析了我国29个GNIP站1961—2015年逐月降水中δ¹⁸O与局地气象要素（近地面的气温、降水量和大气可降水量、外向长波辐射以及500 hPa高度的风速）和大尺度环流因子（Nino 4区海表温度距平及南方涛动指数）的关系，并基于层次聚类分析和逐步回归分析方法，讨论了我国降水中δ¹⁸O的分区，计算了区内降水中δ¹⁸O依各气象因子的回归方程. 结果表明，秦岭-淮河一线南北两侧站点降水中δ¹⁸O与气象因子之间的关系差异显著，是我国的一条重要的降水稳定同位素环境效应分界线. 我国降水中δ¹⁸O可以分为3个区域，即北部区（包括西北和东北地区）、中部过渡区（含华北及青藏地区）和南部区，其中北部区和中部过渡区的分界线大致与我国西北地区和北方地区的分界线吻合，中部过渡区与南部区大体与我国北方地区和南方地区的分界线相一致. 不同地区控制降水中δ¹⁸O的气象因子存在差异：北部区为温度，中部过渡区为温度、500 hPa高度风速以及外向长波辐射，南部区是500 hPa高度的风速. 研究结果对于认识我国大气降水中稳定同位素空间分布的特征及其内在机制具有重要意义.

• Abstract：This study analyzed the relationships of monthly δ¹⁸O in precipitation at 29 GNIP stations in China with local meteorological variables including near-surface temperature, precipitation amount, atmospheric precipitable water, outgoing longwave radiation and wind speed at 500 hPa, as well as with the large-scale circulation indices consisting of sea surface temperature anomaly in Nino 4 and southern oscillation index from 1961 to 2015. The variations of δ¹⁸O in precipitation were zoned in China and the regression equations of the δ¹⁸O in precipitation against multiple meteorological variables were established in these zones using the hierarchical clustering and stepwise regression methods. The results show that there are significant differences in the relations between δ¹⁸O in precipitation and the seven meteorological variables to the north and south sides of the Qinling Mountains-Huaihe River line, an important line dividing the different environmental effects on the precipitation stable isotopes in China. Based on the cluster analysis, variations of isotopes in precipitation are divided into three zones in China, namely, the north zone including Northwest China and Northeast China, the central transition zone covering North China and the Tibetan Plateau, and the south zone. The dividing line between the north and central transition zones is roughly the same as that between the Northwest and Northern China, while the dividing line between the central transition zone and the south zone aligns well with the boundary of the Northern and Southern China. The meteorological variables controlling δ¹⁸O in precipitation differ among zones. The controlling factors are the temperature in the north zone, temperature, wind speed at 500 hPa and OLR in the central transition zone, and wind speed at 500 hPa in the south zone, respectively. The results are of great significance in understanding the characteristics of the spatial distribution of stable isotopes in precipitation and their intrinsic mechanisms in China.

• Key words：precipitation  oxygen stable isotopes  cluster analysis  regionalization  stepwise regression analysis

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