• 关键词：水足迹  灰靶  安徽省  水资源  空间差异

• 基金项目：安徽省重大科技攻关课题（No.08010302114）

• 熊鸿斌
• 合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院, 合肥 230009

• 周凌燕
• 合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院, 合肥 230009

• 摘要：目前，在水资源可持续利用评价过程中，评价指标标准值及权重的确定均存在一定的主观性.针对该问题，本文以水资源时空分布不均的安徽省为研究对象，计算安徽省16个城市各类水足迹，并融合常规评价指标，基于PSR理论构建了水资源可持续利用综合评价体系.同时，采用熵权法对各评价指标进行赋权，选用灰靶模型进行计算，通过靶心度判断各城市水资源可持续利用水平的空间差异性，以增强不同评价单元之间的可比性.结果表明：2016年，农业生产用水足迹在安徽省16个城市总用水足迹中占比均居首位，在除马鞍山、铜陵、芜湖的多个城市中所占比重超过80%；工业用水足迹所占比重居次，马鞍山、铜陵、芜湖分别为45.94%、32.46%、25.17%，其余城市多集中在2%~10%；各城市生活用水水足迹和生态用水水足迹所占比重较小，均低于6%.2016年安徽省水资源可持续利用水平以中、差等级为主，大体呈北低南高的空间布局特征，优、良等级集中在皖南的黄山、铜陵、池州；压力层和状态层靶心度的空间分布与此相似，提升空间较大，响应层靶心度总体较高，未呈现明显空间差异性.

• Abstract：At present, there is some certain subjectivity in the evaluation process of sustainable utilization of water resources in terms of the standard value of the evaluation index and the establishment of weight. Aiming at the problems, to build a comprehensive evaluation system for the sustainable utilization of water resources with the integration of conventional evaluation indexes based on PSR theory, the water resources in Anhui Province with an unequal spatial and temporal distribution was taken as the research object, and the water footprints of 16 cities in Anhui Province were calculated. Furthermore, to enhance the comparability between different evaluation units, the gray target model was established, using the entropy weight method to empower the evaluation indexes, and the spatial difference of sustainable utilization level of urban water resources was judged by the target degree. The results showed as follows, ① In 2016, the water footprint of agricultural production is the highest in the total water footprint of 16 cities in Anhui Province, accounting for more than 80% of the cities except Ma'anshan, Tongling and Wuhu. The proportion of industrial water footprint occupies the second place, which are respectively 45.94%, 32.46% and 25.17% in Ma'anshan, Tongling and Wuhu, while the values are concentrated between 2% and 10% in the remaining cities. The proportion of domestic water footprint and ecological water footprint of each city is smaller than 6%. ② In 2016, the sustainable utilization of water resources is dominated by the middle and poor grades in Anhui Province, which are generally characterized by the spatial layout of north low and south high, while the excellent and good level are concentrated in Huangshan, Tongling and Chizhou in the southern Anhui. This is similar to the spatial distribution of the target degree of the pressure layer and the state layer, therefore, the space can be further increased. The response level is generally higher without obvious spatial difference.

• Key words：water footprint  gray target  Anhui Province  water resources  spatial difference

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