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研究报告

梁昱,刘禹含,王红丽,李莉,段玉森,陆克定.基于主成分分析的上海春季近地面臭氧污染区域性特征研究[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(10):3807-3815

Regional characteristics of ground-level ozone in Shanghai based on PCA analysis

摘要：为研究上海春季近地面臭氧污染的区域性特征，对长三角地区55个城市国控站点及上海市54个城市监测站点2016年5月的臭氧监测网络数据进行主成分分析（Principal Component Analysis，PCA），并将分析结果与气象条件进行综合分析，结果表明，主成分分析在不同的空间尺度下可以解析出行为模式不同的臭氧生成及传输来源主成分，且在较大的空间尺度下可以解析出区域背景臭氧浓度.长三角地区春季区域臭氧特征复杂，存在9个主成分，第一主成分所能解释的背景臭氧浓度在68.8~154.7 μg·m^-3之间，而上海市主成分解析结果较为集中，仅能解析出两个主成分，且第一主成分即可解释90.5%的臭氧.对比同时段长三角及上海市主成分分析解析结果，上海市春季臭氧污染主要受到来自海洋的东南风影响，高浓度臭氧污染的本地生成贡献显著.

Abstract：Principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to identify the regional characteristics of ground-level ozone pollution during the spring in Shanghai, where we considered a series of online ozone monitoring data obtained from 55 state control sites in the Yangtze river delta (YRD) and 54 urban monitoring stations in Shanghai during May 2016. The PCA results were interpreted in combination with meteorological parameters. We found that PCA could detect the effects of photochemical production and transport on ozone according to different principal components at different spatial scales, as well as the regional background concentrations at a relatively large spatial scale. The ozone features in the spring were quite complex in YRD and nine principal components were obtained. The first principal component represented the regional background concentrations, which were 68.8~154.7 μg·m^-3. PCA only determined two principal components for Shanghai and 90.5% of the ozone concentration was explained by the first principal component. After comparing the PCA results obtained for the same period in the YRD area and Shanghai, we found that the southeast wind from the sea primarily influenced ozone pollution in Shanghai and the ozone pollution was strongly affected by local photochemical production.

Key words：ground-level ozone regional characteristics transition effect principal component analysis Shanghai