• 关键词：客观天气分型  PCT  静稳天气  重污染潜势型  华北地区

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.91644226）；上海市气象与环境重点实验室开放基金课题（No.QXJK201601）；国家重点研发计划（No.2016YFA0602004）

• 张莹
• 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院, 高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室, 成都 610225

• 王式功
• 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院, 高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室, 成都 610225

• 贾旭伟
• 中国人民解放军94498部队, 南阳 474350

• 连俊标
• 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院, 高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室, 成都 610225

• 张小玲
• 1. 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院, 高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室, 成都 610225;2. 京津冀环境气象预报预警中心, 北京 100089

• 杨旭
• 天津市气象局, 天津 300074

• 摘要：利用2013-2016年冬半年ERA-interim再分析资料，以及同期空气污染资料、地面常规气象观测资料和探空资料，采用PCT（Principal Component Analysis in T-mode）客观分型方法对华北地区冬半年海平面气压场进行天气分型，并探究不同月份不同天气型对应的空气污染状况及污染气象参数分布特征，进而从污染气象学的角度揭示重污染潜势天气型的气候特征.结果表明：冬半年海平面气压场共对应9种天气类型，其中，5型（均压场型）、6型（高压内部型）和8型（高压后部型）为3种重污染潜势天气型，冬半年对应的PM_2.5均值浓度分别为144.11、136.99和148.26 μg·m^-3，而1型（T型高压前部型）和3型（低压底部型）为两种清洁天气型，冬半年对应的PM_2.5均值浓度分别为97.12和80.83 μg·m^-3；重污染潜势天气型对应的边界层结构呈现出稳定能量大、混合层厚度和通风系数小的大气层结稳定的静稳天气特征，其能够反映大气污染潜势；研究还发现，即使是同一天气型，其在不同月份对污染物的扩散影响也存在差异，因此，建议在今后的污染潜势天气型研究中分月份进行.本研究可为华北地区空气污染潜势预报及大气重污染预报预警的客观化、自动化提供科学依据和技术支持.

• Abstract：By using the PCT (principal component analysis in T-mode) objective synoptic typing method to identify the synoptic types in North China during winter half year based on sea surface pressure fields from ERA-Interim reanalysis dataset during 2013 to 2016. Air pollution data, conventional meteorological observations, and sounding data at the same time are also used to explore the characteristics of air pollution and the corresponding air pollution meteorological parameters in different months with different synoptic types. And then to reveal the climatic characteristics of heavy pollution potential types from the perspective of air-pollution meteorology. The study results show that there are mainly 9 synoptic types, of which type 5 (uniform pressure field), type 6 (interior of high pressure), and type 8 (rear of high pressure) belong to heavy air pollution potential types, and the corresponding mean concentration of PM_2.5 are 144.11, 136.99, and 148.26 μg·m^-3, respectively. On the contrary, type 1 (front of high pressure of T type) and type 3 (bottom of low pressure) are clean types, and the corresponding mean concentration of PM_2.5 are 97.12 μg·m^-3 and 80.83 μg·m^-3, respectively. The boundary layer structure of heavy air pollution potential types indicated typically characteristics of stagnant weather with maximum stable energy, minimum mixed layer thickness and minimum ventilation coefficient, which can also reflect stable atmospheric stratification and air pollution potential. The study also pointed out that even the same weather pattern had different effects on air pollutants diffusion and dispersion in different months. It's suggested that the weather types should be studied monthly in future study. This study could provide scientific basis and technical support for the potential prediction of air pollution, especially for the objectivity and automation prediction and early warning of series air pollution weather in North China.

• Key words：an objective synoptic typing method  principal component analysis in T-mode  stagnant weather  heavy air pollution potential type  North China

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