• 关键词：生物炭  羟基磷灰石  γ-Fe₂O₃  铅离子  吸附

• 基金项目：内蒙古自然科学基金（No.2016MS0221）；包头市科技计划项目（No.2016X1021）；内蒙古科技大学产学研合作培育基金项目（No.2016CXY03）

• 张连科
• 1. 内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院, 包头 014010;2. 西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 西安 710055

• 王洋
• 内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院, 包头 014010

• 王维大
• 内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院, 包头 014010

• 李玉梅
• 内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院, 包头 014010

• 孙鹏
• 内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院, 包头 014010

• 韩剑宏
• 内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院, 包头 014010

• 姜庆宏
• 内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院, 包头 014010

• 摘要：制备了一种磁性羟基磷灰石/生物炭复合材料（HAP/γ-Fe₂O₃/BC）并对其吸附Pb²⁺的动力学及热力学特性和固液分离回收性能进行了研究.通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶红外光谱仪（FTIR）等对复合前后的材料进行微观结构表征与分析，利用振动样品磁强计（VSM）研究样品的磁化性能.通过参数计算获得吸附方程与热力学性质.结果表明：羟基磷灰石和γ-Fe₂O₃微粒均负载到生物炭上.相对于BC，复合后的HAP/γ-Fe₂O₃/BC对Pb²⁺的吸附性能明显提高，并具有良好的磁分离能力.pH值对Pb²⁺的吸附影响较大，最佳pH值为4.0~5.0.当吸附剂投加量为1 g· L^-1、pH值为5、Pb²⁺的初始浓度为100 mg· L^-1时，HAP/γ-Fe₂O₃/BC对Pb²⁺的去除率达到99%.吸附等温方程和动力学方程的拟合结果分别符合Langmuir吸附等温模型和准二级动力学模型，热力学参数△G<0、△H>0，是自发吸热的单分子层化学吸附过程.吸附机制主要包括溶解-沉淀作用、离子交换及复合材料表面含氧官能团的络合作用.HAP/γ-Fe₂O₃/BC复合材料在外加磁场的作用下具有良好的分离回收和循环利用性能，是一种潜在的Pb²⁺高效吸附材料.

• Abstract：A magnetic hydroxyapatite/biochar composite (HAP/γ-Fe₂O₃/BC) was prepared and the adsorption thermodynamic properties of Pb²⁺ and solid-liquid separation recovery performance were studied. The micro-structures of the samples before and after recombination were characterized and analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The magnetization properties of the samples were studied using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Adsorption equations and thermodynamic properties are obtained through parameter calculations. The results show that both hydroxyapatite and γ-Fe₂O₃ particles were loaded onto biochar. Compared to BC, the adsorption performance of HAP/γ-Fe₂O₃/BC for Pb²⁺ is obviously improved and good magnetic separation ability is obtained. pH has a great influence on the adsorption of Pb²⁺ and the optimum pH is 4.0~5.0. under the adsorbent dosage of 1 g·L^-1, pH 5, and the initial concentration of Pb²⁺ at 100 mg·L^-1, the adsorption of Pb²⁺ by HAP/γ-Fe₂O₃/BC reaches 99%. The fitting results of adsorption isotherm equations and kinetic equations are consistent with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model and pseudo-second order kinetics model respectively. The thermodynamic parameters (△G<0, △H>0) indicate that the adsorption is a spontaneous endothermic monolayer chemisorption process. The adsorption mechanism mainly includes dissolution-precipitation, ion exchange, and the complexation of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of the composite. HAP/γ-Fe₂O₃/BC composite shows good separation and recycling performance under an external magnetic field, indicating the composite is an efficient adsorption material for Pb²⁺ removal.

• Key words：biochar  hydroxyapatiten  γ-Fe₂O₃  lead ion  adsorption

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