专论与综述
郝晓地,周健,王崇臣,Mark van Loosdrect.污水磷回收新产物——蓝铁矿[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(11):4223-4234
污水磷回收新产物——蓝铁矿
- New product of phosphorus recovery——Vivianite
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（No.51878022）；北京"未来城市设计高精尖中心"项目（2018）
- 作者
- 单位
- 郝晓地
- 北京建筑大学城市雨水系统与水环境省部共建教育部重点实验室/中-荷未来污水处理技术研发中心, 北京 100044
- 周健
- 北京建筑大学城市雨水系统与水环境省部共建教育部重点实验室/中-荷未来污水处理技术研发中心, 北京 100044
- 王崇臣
- 北京建筑大学城市雨水系统与水环境省部共建教育部重点实验室/中-荷未来污水处理技术研发中心, 北京 100044
- Mark van Loosdrect
- 1. 北京建筑大学城市雨水系统与水环境省部共建教育部重点实验室/中-荷未来污水处理技术研发中心, 北京 100044;2. 代尔夫特理工大学生物技术系, 荷兰代尔伏特 2629 HZ
- 摘要：渐行渐近的磷危机使磷回收从理论已经走向实践.磷回收产物形式很多，但经济、具有高附加值的产物才能驱动企业自愿实施.在污水处理生物污泥中新近发现的蓝铁矿（Vivianite，Fe3（PO4）2·8H2O）沉淀物因潜在的特殊用途以及经济价值而备受关注.自然界，蓝铁矿广泛存在于地表水体沉积物中，是一种非常稳定（Ksp=10-36）的磷铁化合物.决定蓝铁矿生成的条件除富铁、富磷之内在因素外，还需要环境中存在合适的还原性条件（ORP<-300 mV）以及中性上下的pH条件（6~9）.实践中，污水或污水处理过程中有时刚好存在蓝铁矿形成的内、外在条件，荷兰污水处理厂在生物污泥中便检测发现有蓝铁矿物质的存在.为推动蓝铁矿基础及其应用研究，本文综述蓝铁矿化学性质、经济价值及回收潜力；分析pH、ORP、微生物、硫化物等环境影响因素；辨析其在生物污泥中的生成路径；提出从污泥中分离、提纯蓝铁矿的研发思路.
- Abstract：The potential crisis of phosphorus resource is unprecedentedly pushing phosphorus recovery from wastewater and other sources. Although products of phosphorus recovery are variable, economic and high value-added products could promote owners to do so voluntarily. Among others, vivianite (Fe3(PO4)2·8H2O), which has been found to exist largely during biological sludge (biomass), is arousing attention to researchers. In fact, vivianite, a stable (Ksp=10-36) ferrophosphorus compound, widely exists in natural sediments. Besides such inherent factors as rich iron and phosphate, there are also some external factors determining formation of vivianite, like low oxidation-reduction potentials (ORP<-300 mV) and suitable pH conditions (6~9), etc. Fortunately, these inherent and external factors could be satisfied in wastewater and/or processes of wastewater treatment, and some wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the Netherlands declared that they indeed found a large amount of vivianite presence in biological sludge. To promote both fundamental and applied researches on vivianite, the article reviews vivianite in:i) chemical properties, economic value and recovered potential; ii)controlling factors like pH, ORP, microorganisms, sulfide, etc.; iii) pathways of vivianite formation in biological sludge; iv) separation and purification of vivianite.
- Key words：phosphorus recovery vivianite biomass anaerobic environment dissimilation metal reducing bacteria (DMRB) sulfide
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