• 关键词：O₃  污染特征  气象要素  台风  下沉气流

• 基金项目：国家重点研发计划项目（No.2016YFC0203305，2016YFC0201901）；广州市产学研协同创新重大专项（No.201604020028）；广东省气象局科技创新团队计划项目（No.201704）

• 岳海燕
• 广州市气象台, 广州 511430

• 顾桃峰
• 广州市突发事件预警信息发布中心, 广州 511430

• 王春林
• 广州市气候与农业气象中心, 广州 511430

• 吴兑
• 暨南大学质谱仪器与大气环境研究所, 暨南大学广东省大气污染在线源解析系统工程技术研究中心, 广州 510632

• 邓雪娇
• 中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所, 广州 510080

• 黄俊
• 广州市气候与农业气象中心, 广州 511430

• 汪宇
• 广东省环境监测中心, 广州 510308

• 摘要：为研究台风天气系统对广州地区臭氧浓度的影响，选取2016年7月27日-8月2日台风"妮妲"过程，结合气象要素资料和空气质量数据进行了分析.结果表明：①7月27日-8月2日台风过程期间，7月27-29日和8月1-2日空气质量未超标，7月30日和31日分别达到轻度污染和中度污染，首要污染物均为O₃，其中，31日O₃小时浓度峰值达293 μg·m^-3，O₃_8 h（8 h滑动平均）浓度达249 μg·m^-3，期间PM_2.5及前体物NO₂和CO浓度也略有升高，但总体升幅不大，都在良范围内.②台风过程期间，O₃浓度与温度、风速呈正相关（p<0.01），与气压、相对湿度呈负相关（p<0.01）.高温低湿、风速1.0~2.0 m·s^-1、气压低有利于大气光化学反应，容易导致O₃浓度超标.③受台风外围下沉气流影响，大气存在垂直输送；同时混合层顶低，30日和31日混合层高度白天最高在1300 m以下，夜间在200 m左右，最低不足60 m；同时，2 km高度内均有持续逆温存在，逆温高度主要在700 m以下.地面处于均压场，同时存在逆温，大气层结稳定，使得污染物在近地层堆积不易扩散，导致O₃浓度超标.

• Abstract：In order to study influence of typhoon weather system on ozone concentration in Guangzhou, the typhoon process of Nida from July 27th to August 2nd, 2016 was selected and analyzed with meteorological and air quality data. The results showed that:①During the typhoon process,air quality of July 27th-29th and August 1st-2nd was not exceeding the standard, while air quality of July 30th and 31st reached mild and moderate pollution respectively. The primary pollutants of July 30th and 31st were all O₃_8 h(8-hour sliding average), the O₃ and O₃_8 h reached the hourly peak of 293 μg·m^-3 and 249 μg·m^-3 respectively. PM_2.5 and the precursors of NO₂ and CO were also slightly increased during the period, but the concentration was kept up to the standard. ②During the typhoon process, O₃ was positively correlated with temperature and wind speed, and negatively correlated with air pressure and relative humidity with statistical significance of p<0.01. High temperature, low humidity, wind speed within 1.0~2.0 m·s^-1, low pressure were favorable to atmospheric photochemical reaction, resulting in excessive O₃ concentration. ③Affected by the downdraft outside circumference of the typhoon, there was vertical transport in the atmosphere. The height of the mixed layer in the daytime on July 30th and 31st was below 1300 m, and around 60 to 200 m at night. At the same time there was a continuous inversion temperature layer at about the 2 km height, the inversion temperature layer was mainly below 700 m. The mean pressure field covering the ground, inversion temperature layer and stable atmosphere structure, were the main reason for the accumulation of pollutants in the near ground layer which was is not easy to spread, which eventually led to excessive O₃.

• Key words：O₃  pollution characteristics  meteorological factors  typhoon  downstream

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