本期目录
柳冬青,张金茜,李红瑛,曹二佳,巩杰.基于地理探测器的流域土壤磷流失影响因素分析[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(12):4814-4822
基于地理探测器的流域土壤磷流失影响因素分析
- Impact factors of soil phosphorus loss in watershed based on geographical detector
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.41771196，41271199）
- 作者
- 单位
- 柳冬青
- 兰州大学资源环境学院, 西部环境教育部重点实验室, 兰州 730000
- 张金茜
- 兰州大学资源环境学院, 西部环境教育部重点实验室, 兰州 730000
- 李红瑛
- 兰州大学资源环境学院, 西部环境教育部重点实验室, 兰州 730000
- 曹二佳
- 兰州大学资源环境学院, 西部环境教育部重点实验室, 兰州 730000
- 巩杰
- 兰州大学资源环境学院, 西部环境教育部重点实验室, 兰州 730000
- 摘要：基于修正的通用土壤流失方程（RUSLE）和地理探测器，定量分析了甘肃白龙江流域土壤磷流失的空间分异及其影响因素.结果表明：①2014年流域平均土壤磷流失量为0.214 t·km-2·a-1，流失总量为3945.38 t·a-1；②磷流失空间分布较为破碎，热点区集中于迭部北部和舟曲东北部等高山区及舟曲、文县和武都三区县交界的低山河谷区，冷点区集聚于宕昌北部耕作区和文县南部森林保护区；③流域磷流失的空间分异主要受土地利用和地形的影响，农牧业生产也发挥了一定作用，磷流失整体表现为随海拔和坡度的抬升而增加，草地 > 林地 > 耕地；④流域及其内部冷热区影响因素差异较大，这是由各区地理环境协同差异所致，最大交互因子分别为土壤类型∩景观破碎度、土壤类型∩植被覆盖度、降水∩第一产业从业人口比重.在流域磷流失治理中，应合理安排农牧业生产，在提高植被覆盖度的同时降低景观破碎度.
- Abstract：Based on revised universal soil loss equation(RUSLE) and geographical detector, the spatial variation and its influencing factors of soil phosphorus loss in the Bailongjiang Watershed of Gansu were quantitatively analyzed. The results showed as below:①The mean soil phosphorus loss and total loss in the watershed was 0.214 t·km-2·a-1 and 3945.38 t·a-1 in 2014, respectively. ②The spatial distribution of phosphorus loss was relatively fragmented. The hotspots ware concentrated in the high mountains in the north of Diebu, the northeast of Zhouqu, and the low valleys in the border areas of Zhouqu, Wenxian and Wudu. Coldspots ware gathered in the northern cultivated area of Tanchang and the southern forest reserve of Wenxian. ③The spatial differentiation of phosphorus loss in the watershed was mainly affected by land use and topography. Also, the agricultural and livestock production have influences on phosphorus loss. It is expressed as grassland > woodland > farmland, and the overall performance was increased with elevation and slope uplift. ④There was a large difference between the hotspots, coldspots and the watershed, which was caused by the synergistic effect of geographical environmental factors in each regions. The maximum interaction factors of the watershed and its inner hotspots and coldspots region were soil type∩landscape fragmentation, precipitation∩the proportion of the employed population in the primary industry, soil type∩vegetation coverage. For the treatment of phosphate loss in the watershed, the agricultural and livestock production should be arranged reasonably, and the degree of landscape fragmentation should be reduced while increasing the vegetation coverage.
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