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研究报告

摘要：以间苯二酚和甲醛为原料，采用溶胶-凝胶法，通过调整碱性催化剂碳酸钠用量，制备了一系列介孔丰富的炭干凝胶吸附剂.主要考察了介孔炭干凝胶对染料孔雀石绿的吸附性能，并进行了孔结构、表面形貌和官能团的分析.结果表明，催化剂用量不同的介孔炭干凝胶具有不同的粒径和孔径，当间苯二酚与碳酸钠的物质的量比为1000：1时，制得的吸附剂比表面积和介孔最丰富，且其对孔雀石绿的吸附量最大.同时，介孔炭干凝胶的用量、吸附时间和温度对吸附容量均有一定的影响，吸附过程符合伪二阶动力学模型和Langmuir等温模型，最大吸附量为208.33 mg·g^-1；吸附过程是自发的吸热反应.介孔炭干凝胶对孔雀石绿的主要吸附机理是染料分子与羟基和羧基等官能团之间存在静电作用、氢键作用及范德华力作用.

Abstract：A series of mesoporous carbon xerogels (MCX) were prepared using sol-gel method with resorcinol (R) and formaldehyde as the raw materials and different dosages of sodium carbonate as the catalyst. The adsorption capability of the MCX for malachite green was investigated, and the pore structure, surface morphology and functional groups of the MCX were analyzed. The results showed that the particle size and pore size of the MCX differed with the catalyst dosage. The MCX exhibited the maximum specific surface area and mesopores when 1000:1 (molar ratio) resorcinol and sodium carbonate were adopted, performing the best sorption capacity for malachite green. The MCX sorption capacity was influenced by the sorbent dosage, temperature, and contact time. The sorption process was endothermic, spontaneous, and can be well fitted by Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetics model, with the maximum sorption capacity of 208.33 mg·g^-1. The main sorption mechanisms were the electrostatic interaction between the dye molecules and -OH, and -C-O, of the MCX, hydrogen bond, and the van der Waals forces.