• 关键词：烤烟  生物炭  农艺性状  根际土壤  理化性质  微生物群落结构

• 基金项目：中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院部门开放基金（No.DZ2014069）

• 邵慧芸
• 1. 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨陵 712100;2. 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨陵 712100

• 张阿凤
• 1. 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨陵 712100;2. 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨陵 712100

• 王旭东
• 1. 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨陵 712100;2. 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨陵 712100

• 郝珊
• 1. 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨陵 712100;2. 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 杨陵 712100

• 张艳玲
• 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院, 郑州 450001

• 摘要：为探明生物炭对烤烟生长影响的作用机理，选取小麦秸秆炭（WB）和烟杆炭（TB）为试验材料，以不添加生物炭处理CK为对照，采用盆栽试验，研究两种生物炭对团颗期烟草的农艺性状和根际土壤理化性质及微生物群落结构的影响.结果表明：与CK处理相比，WB和TB处理烟草的地上部干重分别增加4.4和4.7倍，土壤硝态氮含量分别降低64.7%和47.6%，脱氢酶活性降低56.4%和48.7%.WB和TB两处理土壤细菌和真菌的Shannon和Simpson多样性指数及Chao1丰富度指数均显著降低，细菌的OTUs数分别显著减小20.6%和18.0%，真菌的OTUs数分别显著减小53.8%和77.4%.细菌优势菌种中，WB处理放线菌门相对丰度提高69.5%，TB处理Saccharibacteria的丰度提高129.7%，WB和TB处理疣微菌门丰度分别降低37.6%和40.9%.真菌优势菌种中，TB处理子囊菌门丰度提高133.8%，WB和TB处理接合菌门的丰度分别降低87.5%和92.9%.通过β多样性分析可知，烟杆炭对烤烟根际土壤微生物群落结构的影响大于小麦秸秆炭.

• Abstract：In order to explore the effect mechanism of biochar on the growth of flue-cured tobacco, a pot experiment that taking no biochar addition(CK) treatment as a control was conducted to study the effects of two types of biochar that derived from wheat straw (WB) and tobacco stem (TB) on the agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco, physicochemical properties and microbial community structure of tobacco rhizosphere soil at the rosette stage. The results showed that the dry shoot weight of tobacco were significantly increased by 4.4 and 4.7 times, the contents of nitrate were significantly decreased by 64.7% and 47.6%, and the activities of dehydrogenase were significantly decreased by 56.4% and 48.7% in WB and TB treatments compared to the CK treatment. The Shannon and Simpson diversity indexes and the Chao1 richness index of bacteria and fungi were reduced, meanwhile bacterial OTUs significantly were decreased by 20.6% and 18.0%, and fungal OTUs were decreased by 53.8% and 77.4%, respectively under the WB and TB treatments compared to the CK treatment. Among bacteria dominant species, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria was increased by 69.5% under the WB treatment, and that of Saccharibacteria was increased by 129.7% under the TB treatment, while that of Verrucomicrobia was decreased by 37.6% and 40.9% under the WB and TB treatments, respectively. Among fungal dominant species, the relative abundance of Ascomycota was increased by 133.8% under the TB treatment, while that of Zygomycota were decreased by 87.5% and 92.9%, under the WB and TB treatments, respectively. The result of β diversity analysis indicated that the effect of tobacco-stem biochar on the community structure of bacteria and fungus was greater than that of wheat-straw biochar.

• Key words：flue-cured tobacco  biochar  agronomic traits  rhizosphere soil  physical and chemical properties  microbial community structure

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