• 关键词：铅  人体健康水质基准  黄浦江  暴露参数  生物蓄积系数

• 基金项目：国家环境基准管理项目委托课题（2017-铅）

• 李佳凡
• 上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 200240

• 姚竞芳
• 上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 200240

• 顾佳媛
• 上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 200240

• 敖俊杰
• 上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 200240

• 迪力扎提·多力坤
• 上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 200240

• 申哲民
• 上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 200240

• 袁涛
• 上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 200240

• 摘要：铅是我国水环境质量监控的重点污染物之一.我国成人和儿童铅中毒事件时有发生，制定铅的人体健康水质基准在我国有着特殊意义.本文以黄浦江流域为研究对象，采集并分析流域水样和不同营养级的鱼样本中铅含量，结合文献调研，确定了人体暴露参数、生物蓄积系数等相关本土参数，推导出该流域铅的基于人体健康风险水质基准值为13.45 μg·L^-1.虽然该值略高于我国和大部分发达国家的现行饮用水标准（10 μg·L^-1），但明显低于我国地表三类水环境标准（50 μg·L^-1），提示黄浦江流域水体铅污染需要进一步加强防控.另外，通过引入铅的敏感人群儿童对基准推导进行了优化，并应用IEUBK模型（The Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model，综合暴露吸收生物动力学模型）对儿童血铅含量进行预测分析.研究发现引入了铅的敏感人群儿童后，推导得出基于人体健康的水质基准值为1.718 μg·L^-1，提示黄浦江流域的儿童在日常饮用水的选择上，应选择铅浓度比饮水标准更低的饮用水.本研究提出本土铅的基于人体健康风险水质基准值，对我国基准技术指南案例研究以及铅相关水质标准修订等具有重要的科学意义和参考价值.

• Abstract：Lead is one of the key pollutants in water environmental quality control in China. It is of special significance to establish the water quality criterion of lead based on human health in the country. In this study, the Huangpu river basin was selected as the research region, in which water samples and fish samples from different nutrient levels in this basin were collected and analyzed for the lead content. Integrating the literature review data, the relevant local parameters such as human exposure and bioaccumulation coefficient were determined. It was successfully deduced that the baseline value of lead water quality based on human health risk in this basin is 13.45 μg·L^-1. Although this value is slightly higher than the current drinking water standard of China and major developed countries (10 μg·L^-1), it is significantly lower than the Class Ⅲ surface water environmental standards (50 μg·L^-1). The result indicates that the water lead pollution in Huangpu river basin needs to be further controlled in terms of human health concern. In addition, the reference derivation was optimized by introducing lead sensitive population i.e. children. The blood lead content of children was predicted and analyzed by IEUBK model. It was deduced that the water quality criterion value of children based human health was 1.718 μg·L^-1, suggesting that children in Huangpu river basin should choose drinking water with the lower lead concentration than the current drinking water standard. This study develops an aboriginal lead water quality criterion based on human health risk. It provides the important reference for the case study of China's benchmark technical guide and the revision of lead related water quality standard.

• Key words：lead  human health based water quality criteria  Huangpu river  exposure parameters  bioaccumulation coefficient

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