刘倩,杜青平,刘涛,石瑛,李嘉懿,彭皇强,林俊熙,秦春怡.纳米氧化锌致大型溞的毒性效应特征[J].环境科学学报,2019,39(4):1332-1339
纳米氧化锌致大型溞的毒性效应特征
- Study on the toxicity effects of nanometer zinc oxide on Daphnia magna
- 基金项目：广东省科技计划项目（No.2015A020215031）；山西省科技基础条件平台建设项目（No.2015091004-0102）；2013年高校"131"领军人才工程优秀中青年拔尖创新人才项目
- 刘倩
- 广东工业大学环境科学与工程学院, 广州 510006
- 杜青平
- 广东工业大学环境科学与工程学院, 广州 510006
- 刘涛
- 广东工业大学环境科学与工程学院, 广州 510006
- 李嘉懿
- 广东工业大学环境科学与工程学院, 广州 510006
- 彭皇强
- 广东工业大学环境科学与工程学院, 广州 510006
- 林俊熙
- 广东工业大学环境科学与工程学院, 广州 510006
- 秦春怡
- 广东工业大学环境科学与工程学院, 广州 510006
- 摘要：采用半静态暴露的方法，以大型溞的死亡率、显微结构损伤、蜕皮率、游泳行为等作为毒性测试终点，研究不同浓度纳米氧化锌（ZnONP）对大型溞（Daphnia magna）的毒性效应.结果显示，ZnONP水溶液稳定性差，在溶液中沉降率随着浓度增大而增大，Zeta电位降低.ZnONP对大型溞处理48 h的半数致死浓度LC50为3 mg·L-1，ZnONP致大型溞的死亡率呈现一定的时间-效应关系；ZnONP暴露会使大型溞肠道和体表损伤.经显微结构观察发现，ZnONP可粘附在大型溞体表面，并引起大型溞游泳的垂直高度升高，大型溞蜕皮时间延迟，成功蜕皮率降低.结果表明ZnONP对大型溞个体和行为产生一定的毒性效应，其毒性效应的机理与其颗粒物对大型溞肠道和体表粘附有直接的关系，研究结果对合理地评价纳米材料对水生生物的影响有一定的理论参考价值.
- Abstract：The potential toxicity effects of nanometer zinc oxide (ZnONP) concentration on Daphnia magna were investigated with semi-static exposure method. The toxicity assessment was determined by the main endpoints which were indicated by the following, factors like mortality rate, surface structure damage, molting successful rate, swimming behavior and etc. The results showed that the stability of ZnONP in solution was poor. The settling rate of ZnONP particles increased with the increasing concentrations of ZnONP in solution while the zeta potential decreased. LC50 of Daphnia magna being exposed to ZnONP solution for 48 h was 3 mg·L-1. The mortality of Daphnia magna increased with the ZnONP exposure time, which presented a relationship between time and the effect. Under the microscopy, it was found that the damage of intestinal tract and body surface was caused by the exposure of Daphnia magna to ZnONP solution. ZnONP particles were adhered on the surface of Daphnia magna body. In addition, the vertical height of the swimming of the magna increased, the molting time of Daphnia magna was delayed and the successful molting rates were declined. The results revealed that ZnONP had potential toxicity effects on Daphnia magna and their behaviors. The toxicity mechanism of ZnONP on Daphnia magna was directly related to the damage of intestines and the surface adhesion of Daphnia magna. The results have a certain theoretical reference value for the reasonable evaluation of nanomaterials on aquatic organisms.
