严宇,王雪松,周家斌.福州市区冬春季PM2.5污染特征与来源差异性分析[J].环境科学学报,2019,39(4):1049-1056
福州市区冬春季PM2.5污染特征与来源差异性分析
- The seasonal differences of PM2.5 pollution characteristics and source regions between winter and spring in Fuzhou urban areas
- 基金项目：福州市环保科研项目（No.2016463）；国家重点研发计划（No.2018YFC0213204）
- 严宇
- 北京大学环境科学与工程学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100871
- 王雪松
- 北京大学环境科学与工程学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100871
- 周家斌
- 西南石油大学化学化工学院, 成都 610500
- 摘要：基于福州市区2015年2月-2016年1月间的大气PM2.5监测数据，综合运用HYSPLIT后向轨迹模式、潜在源贡献因子法（WPSCF）与浓度权重轨迹分析（WCWT）等方法，探讨了福州市区冬、春季PM2.5污染特征和典型污染过程成因，总结了气象因子和污染来源的季节性差异.研究期间，冬、春季是福州市区PM2.5污染的主要季节，福州市区不同类型站点的PM2.5浓度在冬、春季污染发生时均呈现出整体升高的特点，但浓度日变化却存在季节性差异，冬季无显著日变化，春季则表现为单峰单谷特征.福州市区春季主要受锋前暖区和高压后部等天气系统影响，大气扩散条件差，PM2.5极易在不利的气象条件下累积，福建沿海地区是其PM2.5污染的主要潜在源区；冬季污染易受高压天气系统作用，盛行偏北风，长江三角洲地区的污染物输入会对福州市区空气质量产生较大影响，长江三角洲、浙江东南沿海、福建北部是其PM2.5污染的主要潜在源区.
- Abstract：The HYSPLIT backward trajectory model and the weighted potential source contribution factor (WPSCF) and the weighted concentration-weighted trajectory (WCWT) were applied to analyze the PM2.5 data collected from February 2015 to January 2016 in Fuzhou urban areas. The characteristics of PM2.5 pollution in winter and spring were discussed and the causes of typical pollution processes in Fuzhou urban areas were explored. The seasonal differences of meteorological conditions and pollution source regions were obtained. During the study period, PM2.5 pollution mainly occurred in winter and spring in Fuzhou urban areas. The concentrations of PM2.5 at different sites showed an overall increase with the occurrence of pollution both in winter and in spring. However, the diurnal variations of PM2.5 levels differed between in winter and in spring. There was no significant diurnal change of PM2.5 concentrations during PM2.5 episodes of winter, while PM2.5 showed evident diurnal variation with the unimodal distribution when PM2.5 pollution occurred in spring. The weather systems such as the warm sector ahead of the front and the high-pressure rear usually prevailed in spring and led to the conditions unfavorable to air diffusion, resulting in the accumulation of PM2.5 in Fuzhou urban areas. The coastal areas of Fujian Province were identified as the main potential source regions of PM2.5 in spring. High-pressure systems and northerly winds prevailed over Fuzhou in winter, the transport of PM2.5 originated in the Yangtze River Delta region, the southeast coastal areas of Zhejiang as well as northern Fujian Province greatly affected the levels of PM2.5 in Fuzhou urban areas.
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