何美玲,韦朝海,吴海珍,邱光磊,潘建新.废水处理不同脱氮路径盐分形成与影响因素分析[J].环境科学学报,2019,39(5):1527-1535
废水处理不同脱氮路径盐分形成与影响因素分析
- Analysis of salt formation and its influencing factors in different nitrogen removal routes for wastewater treatment
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.51778238，51878290）；广东省科技项目（No.2015B020235005）
- 何美玲
- 华南理工大学环境与能源学院, 广州 510006
- 韦朝海
- 华南理工大学环境与能源学院, 广州 510006
- 吴海珍
- 华南理工大学生物科学与工程学院, 广州 510006
- 邱光磊
- 华南理工大学环境与能源学院, 广州 510006
- 潘建新
- 华南理工大学环境与能源学院, 广州 510006
- 摘要：我国工业废水处理的目标不仅是通过消除污染物降低生态风险，还期望通过脱盐技术实现水回用，处理过程中盐分的形成及其减量对于技术的经济性具有重要意义.以生物脱氮不同路径盐分形成与影响因素的分析为研究对象，以电导率作为盐分削减的指标，以NH4+-N、NO2--N、NO3--N、SCN-作为考察的污染物，把总氮去除作为目的，从电子供体种类/比例、碳源、碱和磷盐的投加量以及水力停留时间（HRT）等主要因素对传统硝化反硝化、短程硝化反硝化和厌氧氨氧化3种工艺进行对比研究，讨论了模拟焦化废水原位减盐的效果.结果表明：①以目标去除进水中200 mg·L-1NO2--N/NO3--N为基准，3种脱氮路径盐分削减能力顺序为：厌氧氨氧化（41.97%） > 短程反硝化（26.12%） > 传统反硝化（11.16%）；②在最优工况条件（NO2--N/NH4+-N=1.33，c（NaHCO3）=100 mg·L-1，HRT=18 h）下，厌氧氨氧化的减盐率、NO2--N和NH4+-N的降解率均达到最佳，分别为41.97%、100%和99.38%；③相比较于单一的SCN-或者苯酚，SCN-与苯酚共同作为电子供体的脱氮减盐效果更佳；④SCN-∶苯酚的电子供体比例为1∶3，HRT=38 h时，短程反硝化与传统反硝化脱氮减盐效果同时达到最优，其中短程反硝化的减盐率、NO2--N及SCN-的降解率分别为26.12%、82.95%、100%，传统反硝化的减盐率、NO3--N及SCN-的降解率分别为11.16%、100%、100%.研究工作可为寻求废水处理优化的脱盐路径提供指导.
- Abstract：The goal of industrial wastewater treatment in China is not only to reduce ecological risk by eliminating pollutants, but also to realize water reuse by desalination. The formation and reduction of salinity in the treatment process is of great significance to the economy of technology. In order to reach the purpose of removing total nitrogen, conductivity was taken as an index of salt reduction and NH4+-N, NO2--N, NO3--N and SCN- were taken as pollutants. The effects of denitrification and salt reduction in traditional nitrification-denitrification, short-cut nitrification-denitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation processes were controlled by electron donor species/ratio, carbon source, alkalinity and phosphorous input and hydraulic retention time (HRT). The in-situ desalination effects of simulated coking wastewater in different biological denitrification pathways were compared. The results showed that:①based on the target removal of 200 mg·L-1 NO2--N/NO3--N in influent, the order of salt reduction ability of the three nitrogen removal pathways was anaerobic ammonia oxidation (41.97%) > short-cut denitrification (26.12%) > traditional denitrification (11.16%); ② under the optimal operating conditions (NO2--N/NH4+-N=1.33, c (NaHCO3)=100 mg·L-1, HRT=18 h), the salt reduction rate, the degradation rates of NO2--N and NH4+-N in anaerobic ammonia oxidation reached the optimum, which were 41.97%, 100% and 99.38% respectively; ③ compared with single SCN- or phenol, SCN- and phenol as electron donors had better denitrification and salt reduction performance;④when the ratio of SCN- to phenol electron donor was 1:3 and HRT=38 h, the short-cut denitrification and traditional denitrification achieved the best treatment efficiency. The reduction rates of salt, NO2--N and SCN- in short-cut denitrification were 11.16%, 100% and 100% respectively. The reduction rates of salt, NO3--N and SCN- in traditional denitrification were 26.12%, 82.95% and 100% respectively. This work provides guidance for seeking optimized desalination routes for wastewater treatment.
