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研究论文

The characterizations of nitrogen and phosphorus contamination and their release potentials in Lake Souxi, Yangzhou

基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.91547206，51709183，51579149）；国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（No.2017zx07603-004，2017zx07603-005）

摘要：本研究通过实地调查及原位柱芯静态培养实验，分析了瘦西湖上覆水和沉积物氮、磷污染负荷空间分布格局，估算了内源氮、磷释放通量.结果表明：①瘦西湖上覆水中总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）、氨氮（NH₄⁺-N）的浓度区间分别为1.5~2.9、0.05~0.11、0.2~1.7 mg·L^-1，TN是影响上覆水水质的主要因子；②沉积物TN、TP的含量范围分别为500~4500、100~3700 mg·kg^-1，空间上呈现TN含量从扬州闸下至二十四桥逐渐增加而TP含量先升后降的趋势；③内源释放模拟结果显示，瘦西湖沉积物NH₄⁺-N、NO₃^--N、NO₂^--N及PO₄^3--P的释放速率分别为35.3~90.1、30.2~80.6、0.95~5.10、7.2~58.8 mg·m^-2·d^-1，其氮、磷释放速率相较于国内外类似研究呈现较高水平，表明瘦西湖沉积物是其上覆水体氮、磷污染负荷的一个重要潜在来源.

Abstract：Spatial distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in the overlying water and sediments of Lake Souxi was analyzed by field survey and static culture experiments using in-situ sediment cores, and the internal release flux of nitrogen and phosphorus were estimated. The results showed that:①the variations of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus(TP) and ammonia nitrogen(NH₄⁺-N) in the overlying water were 1.5~2.9, 0.05~0.11 and 0.2~1.7 mg·L^-1, respectively. TN was the main factor affecting the quality of the overlying water;②the variations of TN and TP in the sediments are 500~4500 and 100~3700 mg·kg^-1, respectively. Generally, the TN concentration gradually increased, while the TP concentration initially increased and then decreased from the lower part of Yangzhouzha to Ershisiqiao;③the results of static culture experiments showed that the release rates of NH₄⁺-N, NO₃^--N, NO₂^--N and PO₄^3--P from the sediments were 35.3~90.1, 30.2~80.6, 0.95~5.10 and 7.2~58.8 mg·m^-2·d^-1, respectively. Compared with other lakes worldwide, the release rates of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediments of Lake Souxi are relatively high, indicating that the sediments are important potential sources of nitrogen and phosphorus for the overlying water in Lake Shouxi.