• 关键词：退化农田  碳添加  固碳细菌  cbbL基因  高通量测序

• 基金项目：黑龙江省自然科学基金（No.C2017039）；黑龙省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目（No.2017-KYYWF-0135）；哈尔滨师范大学硕士研究生创新科研项目（No.HSDSSCX2018-52）

• 苏鑫
• 哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院, 黑龙江省普通高等学校植物生物学重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150025

• 郭迎岚
• 哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院, 黑龙江省普通高等学校植物生物学重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150025

• 卢嫚
• 哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院, 黑龙江省普通高等学校植物生物学重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150025

• 冯程程
• 哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院, 黑龙江省普通高等学校植物生物学重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150025

• 岳中辉
• 哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院, 黑龙江省普通高等学校植物生物学重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150025

• 摘要：为研究秸秆、生物炭和纳米碳添加对退化农田土壤固碳细菌群落结构多样性的影响，利用高通量测序技术，对3种碳源添加后黑龙江省嫩江县退化农田土壤的固碳细菌群落结构及多样性进行研究.结果表明：①在97%相似度水平下，秸秆、生物炭添加后土壤固碳细菌的Chao1指数、Observed species和Shannon指数高于纳米碳添加后的土壤.②群落组成方面，在门水平上，变形菌门（Proteobacteria）为优势菌门，在生物炭添加后的相对丰度最高，为94.35%；在纲水平上，γ-变形菌纲（Gammaproteobacteria）为优势菌纲，在纳米碳添加后的相对丰度最高，为67.45%；在目水平上，着色菌目（Chromatiales）为优势菌目，在纳米碳添加后的相对丰度最高，为50.83%；在科水平上，节外硫红螺菌科（Ectothiorhodospiraceae）为优势菌科，在纳米碳添加后的相对丰度最高，为34.34%；在属水平上，硫碱弧菌（Thioalkalivibrio）、Sulfurifustis、Thiobacillus为优势菌属，分别在生物炭、纳米碳和秸秆添加后的相对丰度最高，相对丰度分别为17.02%、16.40%、13.03%.③层次聚类和主成分分析结果显示，生物炭和纳米碳添加后土壤固碳细菌群落结构差异显著，进一步进行组间差异显著性分析表明，显著差异标记主要富集在生物炭添加的土壤中，主要为硫碱弧菌和硫腺菌（Thiocystis）最为显著.④冗余分析结果表明，土壤固碳细菌群落结构受土壤pH、有机碳、全氮、全磷、碱解氮及有效磷的综合影响，其中，土壤pH和全氮含量是影响土壤固碳细菌群落结构的主要理化性质.上述结果表明，秸秆添加对土壤固碳细菌群落结构及多样性影响较小，生物炭添加可显著提高土壤固碳细菌群落多样性，纳米碳添加对土壤固碳细菌的影响具有一定特异性；土壤固碳细菌群落结构受土壤pH和全氮含量显著影响.

• Abstract：In order to study the effects of straw, biochar and nano-carbon on the structure and diversity of carbon-fixing bacterial community in degraded farmland, the high throughput sequencing technology was used to study the characteristics of CO₂-assimilating bacteria community in soil with three different carbon sources adding in Nenjiang County, Heilongjiang Province. The results show that:①At 97% similarity level, Chao1 index, observed species and Shannon index of CO₂-assimilating soil bacteria with straw addition and biochar addition were higher than with nano-carbon addition. ②In terms of community composition, Proteobacteria was dominant at the phylum level, and the relative abundance was the highest after the addition of biochar, which was 94.35%. At the class level, Gammaproteobacteria is the dominant one, and the relative abundance reaches highest at 67.45% in soil amended with nano-carbon. Chromatiales is the dominant order, with the relative abundance of 50.83% in nano-carbon amended soild. Ectothiorhodospiraceae is the dominant family, and the highest relative abundance reaches 34.34% also in nano-carbon amended soil. At the genus level, Thioalkalivibrio, Sulfurifustis and Thiobacillus are the dominant, and the relative abundance is 17.02%, 16.40% and 13.03%, respectively, after the addition of biochar, nano-carbon and straw, respectively. ③The results of hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis show that there were significant differences in the community structure of CO₂-assimilating soil bacteria after the addition of different carbon sources. It was found that the markers of significant differences were mainly concentrated in the soil added with biochar, especially the Thioalkalivibrio and Thiocystis. ④The results of Redundancy analysis showed that the structure of CO₂-assimilating bacteria community in soil was influenced by pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available nitrogen and\phosphorus. Soil pH and total nitrogen content were the main physical and chemical properties of soil CO₂-assimilating bacteria community structure. The above results show that the addition of straw had little effect, but the addition of biochar significantly increaseed the diversity of soil CO₂-assimilating bacteria community. nano-carbon has special effect on soil CO₂-assimilating bacteria.

• Key words：degraded farmland  carbon addition  CO₂-assimilating bacteria  cbbL gene  high-throughput sequencing

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