张泽钰,李茹莹.固定化微生物对河水的脱氮效果研究[J].环境科学学报,2020,40(1):161-165
固定化微生物对河水的脱氮效果研究
- Study on the nitrogen removal in river water by immobilized microorganisms
- 基金项目：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（No.2017ZX07106004）；天津市科技计划项目（No.16YFZCSF00320）
- 张泽钰
- 天津大学环境科学与工程学院, 天津 300350
- 李茹莹
- 天津大学环境科学与工程学院, 天津 300350
- 摘要：研究了不同方法制作的固定化微生物颗粒对于河水的脱氮效果，实验证明，采用聚乙烯醇-活性炭包埋法制作的固定化微生物颗粒（IMPⅠ）与聚乙烯醇-聚乙二醇包埋法制作的固定化微生物颗粒（IMPⅡ）的脱氮效果较好，但由于包埋材料在河水中的溶出造成COD急剧升高，会对河水造成二次污染.利用载体结合法制作的固定化微生物（IMPⅢ）进行5个周期的河水净化实验，结果发现，COD的去除率维持在75%~95%，氨氮的去除率为45%~95%，硝酸盐氮的去除率维持在95%~100%，亚硝酸盐氮的去除率为70%~99%，总氮的去除率保持在55%~80%.研究表明，载体结合法制作的固定化微生物颗粒稳定性好、强度高、微生物活性良好，颗粒可多次重复使用，在河水净化方面有良好的应用前景.
- Abstract：In this paper, the nitrogen removal efficiencies of immobilized microbial particles prepared by different methods for surface river water were studied. The experimental results showed that although the immobilized microbial particles prepared by polyvinyl alcohol-activated carbon embedding method (IMPⅠ) and the immobilization microbial particles prepared by polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol embedding method (IMP Ⅱ) had good nitrogen removal capacities, a sharp increase of COD concentration would bring secondary pollution to the river due to the dissolution of the embedded materials. Besides, five cycles of river water purification experiments were carried out with immobilized microbial particles (IMP III), which were made by carrier binding method. The removal efficiencies of COD, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate, nitrite and total nitrogen were 75%~95%, 45%~95%, 95%~100%, 70%~99% and 55%~80%, respectively. Results showed that the immobilized microbial particles prepared by carrier binding method had good stability, high strength and good microbial activity, and could be reused for many times, which showed a good application potential in river water purification.
