研究报告
陈桃桃,李忠勤,周茜,王芳龙,张昕,王飞腾.“兰州蓝”背景下空气污染特征、来源解析及成因初探[J].环境科学学报,2020,40(4):1361-1373
“兰州蓝”背景下空气污染特征、来源解析及成因初探
- Air pollution characteristics, source analysis and cause of formation under the background of “Lanzhou blue”
- 基金项目：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目（No.2019QZKK0201）；中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（A类）（No.XDA20060201，XDA20020102）；国家自然科学基金国际合作项目（No.41761134093）；冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室自主课题资助项目（No.SKLCS-ZZ-2020）
- 作者
- 单位
- 陈桃桃
- 西北师范大学, 地理与环境科学学院, 兰州 730070
- 李忠勤
- 1. 西北师范大学, 地理与环境科学学院, 兰州 730070;2. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院, 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室/天山冰川站, 兰州 730000
- 周茜
- 兰州大学, 资源环境学院, 兰州 730000
- 王芳龙
- 西北师范大学, 地理与环境科学学院, 兰州 730070
- 张昕
- 西北师范大学, 地理与环境科学学院, 兰州 730070
- 王飞腾
- 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院, 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室/天山冰川站, 兰州 730000
- 摘要：兰州市近年空气质量有所好转，频繁出现"兰州蓝"现象.本文利用兰州市2013—2018年空气污染物实时监测数据，分析了兰州市空气污染特征、潜在来源和成因.结果表明，2013—2018年兰州市SO2、PM2.5和PM10浓度呈下降趋势，NO2、CO和O3浓度呈上升趋势，PM2.5和PM10是兰州市的主要污染物，其值远远高于标准限值.大气污染物与气象参数的关系表明，较低的一次污染物与较高的风速相关，二次污染物O3其较低的浓度值与较低的温度有关.从后向轨迹模型分析来看，新疆塔克拉玛干及周围的戈壁沙漠、内蒙古高原和西部青海地区是春季、秋季和冬季污染物的主要来源区，兰州东南部周边地区是夏季的主要源区和秋季的次要源区.初步分析了当地污染物排放和气象条件的影响，由于严格的排放控制，空气质量的改善可能与污染物排放量的减少有关，而气象条件的贡献并不明显，具体还需要进一步研究.
- Abstract：Recently air quality in Lanzhou is improving and even "Lanzhou Blue" has appeared. Here we analyze air pollution characteristics, sources and causes of Lanzhou by using hourly concentrations of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter during the period 2013—2018,Our results suggested that the concentrations of SO2, PM10 and PM2.5 showed declining trend but NO2, CO and O3 presented the trend of escalation.PM2.5 and PM10 were the most frequent major pollutants with higher value than standard limit. Relationship between air pollutants and meteorological parameters indicated that lower primary pollutant was associated with higher wind speed. As a secondary pollutant, lower concentration of O3 was associated with lower temperature. From the analysis of backward trajectory model, Taklimakan and Gobi Desert in Sinkiang, Inner Mongolia plateau and western Qinghai regions were the main source areas in spring, autumn and winter, respectively, while the surrounding areas in the southeast of Lanzhou were the main source areas in summer and secondary source areas in autumn. Improvement of air quality might be related to the decreasing of pollutant emissions due to strict emissions controls, and the contribution of meteorological condition was not obvious and should be further investigated.
- Key words：Lanzhou air pollution potential source backward trajectory emission meteorological condition
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