马妍,姬亚芹,国纪良,赵静琦,林宇,林孜.盘锦市秋季PM2.5水溶性离子特征及来源分析[J].环境科学学报,2020,40(2):401-407
盘锦市秋季PM2.5水溶性离子特征及来源分析
- Characteristics and source analysis of water-soluble ions in PM2.5 during autumn in Panjin
- 马妍
- 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 天津 300350
- 姬亚芹
- 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 天津 300350
- 国纪良
- 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 天津 300350
- 赵静琦
- 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 天津 300350
- 林宇
- 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 天津 300350
- 林孜
- 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 天津 300350
- 摘要：为研究盘锦市秋季PM2.5中水溶性离子污染特征及来源，于2016年10月在盘锦市开发区、文化公园和第二中学采集PM2.5样品，用离子色谱分析其水溶性离子.同时，分析了PM2.5及水溶性离子浓度特征，并通过离子平衡计算、相关性分析和聚类分析对其污染特征和来源进行研究.结果表明：盘锦市秋季PM2.5平均质量浓度为（52.71±19.44）μg·m-3，低于环境空气质量标准（GB 3095-2012）日均浓度限值（75 μg·m-3），不同点位之间表现为：开发区 > 第二中学 > 文化公园.开发区、文化公园和第二中学的水溶性离子总质量浓度分别为13.64、13.16和13.19 μg·m-3，分别占PM2.5浓度的22.83%、29.72%和24.36%，各点位均表现为NO3-、SO42-和NH4+质量浓度较大.阴阳离子当量比值（AE/CE）均大于1，表明采样期间盘锦市颗粒物整体偏酸性.离子间相关关系分析显示，SNA的主要存在形式为（NH4）2SO4、NH4NO3和KNO3等.NO3-/SO42-的均值为1.41，说明移动源对PM2.5的贡献大于固定源.通过聚类分析得出，盘锦市秋季PM2.5中水溶性离子主要来源于气态污染物的二次转化、生物质和化石燃料燃烧及土壤扬尘或建筑扬尘排放.
- Abstract：The purpose of this study is to analyze the pollution characteristics and sources of water-soluble ions in PM2.5 in Panjin, Liaoning Province in autumn. In October 2016, PM2.5 samples were collected in Development Zone, Cultural Park and No. 2 Middle School, and the levels of water-soluble ions were measured by ion chromatography. The concentration characteristics of PM2.5 and water-soluble ions were analyzed, and their pollution characteristics and sources were studied through ion balance calculation, correlation analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that the average mass concentration of PM2.5 in the autumn of Panjin was (52.71±19.44) μg·m-3, which was lower than the average daily concentration limit of environmental air quality standard (GB 3095-2012) (75 μg·m-3) and followed a descending sequence of Development Zone, No. 2 middle school and Cultural Park. The total mass concentrations of water-soluble ions in Development Zone, Cultural Park and No. 2 middle school were 13.64、13.16 and 13.19 μg·m-3, respectively, accounting for 22.83%, 29.72% and 24.36% of PM2.5 concentration. The mass concentrations of NO3-, SO42- and NH4+ were higher at all points. The AE/CE values were all greater than 1 indicating that PM2.5 was acidic. The correlation analysis showed that the main forms of SNA were (NH4)2SO4, NH4NO3 and KNO3. The mean values of NO3-/SO42- was 1.41, indicating that the contribution of mobile sources to PM2.5 is greater than that of fixed sources. According to the cluster analysis, the water-soluble ions in PM2.5 in Panjin in autumn mainly came from the secondary transformation of gaseous pollutants, the combustion of biomass and fossil fuels, and the emission of soil dust or Panjin construction dust.
