秦洁,伏小勇,陈学民,袁福林,朱琳.蚯蚓对城镇污泥堆肥过程中微型动物群落演替的影响[J].环境科学学报,2020,40(2):631-638
蚯蚓对城镇污泥堆肥过程中微型动物群落演替的影响
- Effects of earthworms on the microfauna community succession during vermicomposting
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.51168029）；国家重点研发计划（No.2016YFC0400703）
- 秦洁
- 1. 兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院, 兰州 730070;2. 玉溪师范学院化学生物与环境学院, 玉溪 653100
- 伏小勇
- 兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院, 兰州 730070
- 陈学民
- 兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院, 兰州 730070
- 袁福林
- 兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院, 兰州 730070
- 朱琳
- 兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院, 兰州 730070
- 摘要：采用实验对比和除趋势对应分析（DCA）等方法，以城镇污泥中的微型动物为对象，研究蚯蚓对堆肥过程微型动物群落演替的影响.结果表明，蚯蚓仅影响微型动物群落数量，对演替进程无明显影响.堆肥过程微型动物群落演替可分为3个阶段：第1阶段（0~10 d），固着类纤毛虫为优势类群阶段，该阶段微型动物变化多受限于环境的改变，蚯蚓影响较小；第2阶段（10~30 d），固着类纤毛虫和轮虫向肉足虫和线虫为优势类群的过渡阶段，该阶段蚯蚓对线虫数量有一定的限制；第3阶段（30 d后），肉足虫和线虫为优势类群阶段，该阶段蚯蚓对有壳肉足虫的增长产生了明显的抑制作用.群落多样性指数结果显示，蚯蚓在第1和第2阶段作用不明显，在第3阶段增加了微型动物的多样性和均匀度，减小了优势物种的优势程度.对固着类纤毛虫的同化作用是蚯蚓稳定堆肥环境、促进有机质降解的重要因素.
- Abstract：Using experimental comparison and detrended correspondence analysis (DCA), this study investigated the effects of earthworms on succession in the microfauna community during vermicomposting. Results showed that earthworms only affected microfauna population numbers but had no significant effect on the succession process within the population. Succession in the microfauna community during the composting process could be seen in three distinct stages:Stage 1(0~10 d):During this stage, sessile ciliates were dominant in the microfauna population and microfauna diversity was mostly affected by environmental changes rather than the presence of earthworms. Stage 2(10~30 d):The dominant species gradually transitioned from sessile ciliates and rotifers to testate amoebae and nematodes. During this stage, the presence of earthworms played a role in limiting the nematode population. Stage 3(after 30 d); testate amoebae and nematodes became the dominant group of microfauna. During this stage, earthworms played a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of the nematode population. In conclusion, the community diversity index at the different stages showed that earthworms did not play a significant role in the first two stages of microfauna succession, but did serve to limit the growth of the dominant species of microfauna in the third stage and thereby increasing the diversity and spread of microfauna. The assimilation of earthworms in sessile ciliate populations was an important factor in stabilizing the sludge envrionment and promoting faster degradation of organic sludge matter.
