• 关键词：四川盆地  6种污染物  时空分布特征  气象要素  相关分析

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（No.41505122）；四川省环境保护科技重大专项（No.2013HBZX01）；四川省科技支撑项目（No.2015GZ0238）；国家重点研发计划（No.2018YFC0214003）；成都信息工程学院引进人才启动项目（No.KYTZ201429）

• 史海琪
• 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院, 成都 610225

• 曾胜兰
• 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院, 成都 610225

• 李浩楠
• 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院, 成都 610225

• 摘要：利用2015—2018年四川盆地内18个城市的6种污染物逐日质量浓度监测资料、同期的常规气象观测资料，采用插值、相关分析等方法，分析了四川盆地3个区域6种污染物的时空分布特征，探讨了各个污染物质量浓度与气象要素之间的关系.结果表明：①O₃在盆地中西部污染较重，PM_2.5和PM₁₀在德阳、成都、眉山、内江、自贡一带污染较重，在广元和巴中污染较轻，SO₂在巴中、南充、绵阳、德阳一带污染较轻，在广元和盆地中南部污染较重；②NO₂平均浓度呈先增后减的趋势，O₃呈增加趋势，而CO、PM_2.5、PM₁₀、SO₂均呈减小趋势；③CO、NO₂、PM_2.5、PM₁₀、SO₂呈"夏低冬高"的特征，O₃则相反，CO、NO₂、PM_2.5、PM₁₀均表现为"双峰双谷"型，O₃和SO₂则表现为"单峰"型；④偏东风有利于CO、NO₂、PM₁₀、PM_2.5的稀释扩散，偏北风有利于O₃、SO₂的稀释扩散；⑤6种污染物质量浓度均与气压、气温、24 h变温、24 h变压、相对湿度、10 m风速、700 hPa散度、850 hPa高度显著相关.风速、相对湿度、混合层高度、逆温层平均高度的增加有利于大多数污染物的稀释扩散.

• Abstract：Using the daily mass concentration monitoring data of six pollutants in 18 cities in the Sichuan Basin from 2015 to 2018, conventional meteorological observation data from the same period, and interpolation and correlation, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of six pollutants in three regions of the Sichuan Basin were analyzed. The relationship between the mass concentration of each pollutant and concurrent meteorological conditions was also examined. The results indicated the following:① O₃ was heavily concentrated and tended to increase through the study period in the central and western basins. PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ were heavily polluted in Deyang, Chengdu, Meishan, Neijiang, and Zigong, while Guangyuan and Bazhong were less polluted. SO₂ concentrations in Bazhong, Nanchong, Mianyang, and Deyang were relatively light, while concentrations in Guangyuan and the central and southern parts of the basin were heavier. ② Average concentrations of NO₂ over the four years increased at first and then decreased. Both PM₁₀ and SO₂ showed a decreasing trend.③ CO, NO₂, PM_2.5, PM₁₀, and SO₂ showed a trend of "summer low winter high," while O₃ seasonal trends were the opposite. CO, NO₂, PM_2.5, and PM₁₀ all appeared as "double-peak and double-valley," while O₃ and SO₂ showed a "single-peak" trend. ④ Westerly winds were conducive to CO, NO₂, PM₁₀, and PM_2.5 dilution and diffusion, while northerly winds were conducive to the dilution and diffusion of O₃ and SO₂.⑤ For six types of pollution, the mass concentration of the material was significantly correlated with ambient air pressure, temperature, 24 h temperature change, 24 h pressure change, relative humidity, 10-m wind speed, 700 hPa divergence, and 850 hPa height. Increasing wind speed, relative humidity, mixed layer height, and average height of the inversion layer were all beneficial for the dilution and diffusion of five pollutants except O₃.

• Key words：Sichuan Basin  six pollutants  temporal and spatial distribution characteristics  meteorological elements  correlation analysis

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