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研究报告

张荣涛,倪红伟,刘赢男,付晓宇,王建波.凋落物添加和去除处理对三江平原小叶章湿地生长季温室气体排放的影响[J].环境科学学报,2020,40(4):1467-1475

Response of greenhouse gas emission in the growing season to add and remove litter in Calamagrostis angustifolia Wetlands of Sanjiang Plain

基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.31570485，31670489）；黑龙江省自然科学基金项目（No.LH2019C076）；黑龙江省科学院杰出青年基金（No.ZRT2019-1）

摘要：为了解三江平原小叶章湿地温室气体排放对凋落物处理的响应，利用黑龙江省科学院自然与生态研究所三江平原湿地生态定位研究站内的试验平台，采用静态箱-气相色谱法，分别对去除当年凋落物（NL）、去除当年凋落物和草炭层（NL+NH）、添加当年凋落物（DL）、添加当年凋落物和草炭层（DL+DH）以及空白对照（CK）等5个处理的小叶章湿地进行了生长季温室气体排放通量观测，并同步观测相关环境因子.结果表明：（DL+DH、DL）处理分别使CO₂排放通量增加了21.23%和10.86%；使生长季CH₄排放通量增加了21.37%和9.81%；使N₂O排放通量增加了29.62%和12.76%.（NL+NH、NL）处理分别使CO₂排放通量降低了16.13%和9.41%；使CH₄排放通量增加了65.67%和45.92%；使N₂O排放通量降低了14.36%和16.92%.添加和去除凋落物均未改变CO₂、CH₄和N₂O排放的季节动态.CO₂排放通量与土壤温度出现了显著正相关关系，CH₄和N₂O排放通量未与土壤温度出现显著相关关系.CO₂、CH₄和N₂O排放通量均未与土壤含水量出现显著相关关系.

Abstract：In order to understand the response of greenhouse gas emission to different litter treatments in the Calamagrostis angustifolia wetlands of the Sanjiang Plain, in the experimental platform of Sanjiang wetland ecological research station of HAS, we set up five litter treatments: ① remove current year litter (NL),②remove current year litter and peat layer (NL+NH), ③add current year litter (DL), ④ add current year litter and pear layer (DL+DH), ⑤ CK treatment (CK). We determined the greenhouse gas emission of C. angustifolia wetlands by using the static tank-gas chromatography. The results showed that: both ③ and ④ treatments significantly increased the CO₂ (21.23% and 10.86% respectively compared with CK), and increased the CH₄ (21.37% and 9.81% respectively compared with CK), and increased N₂O fluxes (29.6% and 12.7% compared with CK). Both ① and ② treatments significantly decreased the CO₂ fluxes (16.13% and 9.41% respectively compared with CK) and decreased the CH₄ fluxes (65.6% and 45.9% respectively compared with CK), and decreased the N₂O fluxes (14.3% and 16.9% respectively compared with CK). But, we did not found the GHG flux seasonal changed among five litter treatments. CO₂、CH₄ and N₂O fluxes did not correlate with soil moisture content.