研究报告
汪琪,黄蔚,陈开宁,易齐涛,李恒鹏.大溪水库浮游植物群落结构特征及营养状态评价[J].环境科学学报,2020,40(4):1286-1297
大溪水库浮游植物群落结构特征及营养状态评价
- Phytoplankton community structure and trophic status evaluation in Reservior Daxi
- 基金项目：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（A类）（No.XDA23020403）；中国科学院“一三五”计划项目（No.NIGLAS2018GH01）；国家自然科学基金（No.51409166）
- 作者
- 单位
- 汪琪
- 1. 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008;2. 安徽理工大学, 地球与环境学院, 淮南 232001
- 黄蔚
- 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008
- 陈开宁
- 1. 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008;2. 江苏高校水处理技术与材料协同创新中心, 苏州 215009
- 易齐涛
- 安徽理工大学, 地球与环境学院, 淮南 232001
- 李恒鹏
- 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008
- 摘要：在2015—2017年以月频率对大溪水库浮游植物群落结构及水体理化性质进行调查分析，以期为深入理解亚热带水库生态系统结构及功能提供理论依据，并为大溪水库及其同类型水体的生态保护提供基础数据.结果表明，调查期间大溪水库水质相关指标基本达到《地表水环境质量标准》（GB3838—2002）Ⅱ~Ш类标准，综合富营养化指数范围为37~54，基本处于中营养状态（除2017年9月及10月），浮游植物多样性及均匀度指数指示水体处于较为清洁的环境.2015—2017年，大溪水库共检出浮游植物7门57种，其中绿藻门种类最多，检出24种，其次是蓝藻门；且浮游植物群落中主要以蓝藻门、绿藻门及硅藻门种类占优；浮游植物群落结构季节变化有明显的规律，为硅藻门（春季）-蓝、绿藻门（夏、秋季）-硅藻门（冬季）；物种丰度及生物量变化趋势为夏季高冬季低，丰度为339.87×104~33075.99×104 cells·L-1，生物量为2.41~40.45 mg·L-1.浮游植物生物量与环境因子之间的冗余分析及Pearson相关分析结果均表明，大溪水库浮游植物群落结构变化受温度影响较大.综上，在北亚热带地区低营养水平的水库中，温度可能是影响浮游植物群落结构的关键因素.
- Abstract：In order to provide a theoretical basis for understanding the structure and function of the subtropical reservoir ecosystem, and to provide basic data for the ecological protection of Reservior Daxi and the water bodies of the same type, we investigated the phytoplankton and analyzed physicochemical property of the water in Reservior Daxi from 2015 to 2017.The results showed that, during the investigating period the water quality related indexes of Reservoir Daxi basically reached the "Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard" (GB3838-2002) II~Ш standard, the trophic level index ranged from 37 to 54, basically in the middle nutrition status (except September and October 2017), the Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index indicated that the water body was in a relatively clean environment. From 2015 to 2017, a total of 7 phylum and 57 species of phytoplankton were detected in Reservoir Daxi, among them, the Chlorella was the major phylum, of which 24 species were detected, the Cyanophyta was the second big phylum; and the phytoplankton community was dominated by Cyanophyta, Chlorella and Diatom. The seasonal changes of phytoplankton community structure had an obvious rule, which was Diatom(in spring)-Chlorella and Cyanophyta(in summer and autumn)-Diatom(in winter). The species density and biomass change was high in summer and low in winter, the density range was 339.87×104~33075.99×104 cells·L-1, and the biomass range was 2.41~40.45 mg·L-1. Redundancy analysis and Pearson correlation analysis between phytoplankton biomass and environmental factors indicated that the change of phytoplankton community structure in Reservoir Daxi was greatly affected by temperature. In summary, in the reserviors with low nutrient levels in the northern subtropical region, the temperature may be a key factor affecting the structure of phytoplankton community.
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