陶红,张小红,王亚娟.银川城区地表灰尘中邻苯二甲酸酯污染特征及人群健康风险评价[J].环境科学学报,2020,40(6):2247-2254
银川城区地表灰尘中邻苯二甲酸酯污染特征及人群健康风险评价
- Pollution characteristics of phthalate esters (PAEs) in surface dust of urban area and health risk assessment in Yinchuan
- 基金项目：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目（No.2016KJHM29，2018BEG03005）
- 陶红
- 1. 宁夏大学资源环境学院, 银川 750021;2. 宁夏(中阿)旱区资源评价与环境调控重点实验室, 银川 750021
- 摘要：采集银川市城区不同功能区的40个地表灰尘样品，采用气相色谱质谱联用的检测方法，测定了美国环保局（EPA）优先控制的6种PAEs化合物的含量，并对其污染特征、污染分布和人体暴露的健康风险进行了评价.结果表明，6种邻苯二甲酸酯化合物在地表灰尘样品中均被检测出，Σ6PAEs的含量为0.096~24.952 mg·kg-1，平均值和中位数分别为3.452 mg·kg-1和1.905 mg·kg-1.各功能区地表灰尘中Σ6PAEs平均含量由高到低依次为住宅区、文教区、公园、工业区、商业区和交通区.各功能区地表灰尘中的主要PAEs单体为邻苯二甲酸（2-乙基）己酯（DEHP）和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DnBP），二者占到Σ6PAEs的97.07%.对人体健康风险评价表明，研究区6种优先控制化合物对人体产生的非致癌风险均小于1，未超过EPA推荐的非致癌水平，邻苯二甲酸丁基苄基酯（BBP）的致癌风险在可接受的标准范围内，有2个样点的DEHP致癌风险超过EPA推荐的致癌水平，应引起一定的重视.
- Abstract：A total of 40surface dust samples were collected from different functional areas of Yinchuan city, the concentration of six priority control phthalates by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) were analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometer, the pollution characteristic and pollution distribution were analyzed,and the potential health risk exposures to people were also assessed. Result shows that six phthalate esters (PAEs) congeners were detected in all the analyzed samples; the total concentrations of the 6 PAEs congeners (Σ6PAEs) ranged from 0.0965 to 24.9516 mg·kg-1, of which the average and median concentration were 3.452 and 1.905 mg·kg-1 respectively. The average concentrations of Σ6PAEs in surface dust of different functional areas from high to low successively were residential area, cultural and educational area, park, industrial area, commercial area and traffic area. DEHP and DEP were the most abundant component in the surface dust of different functional areas, which accounted for 97.07% of the concentration of Σ6PAEs. The human health risk assessment indicated that the non-carcinogenic risk of six priority control phthalates in this study was within an acceptable range with values less than 1. The carcinogenic risks to human health of BBP was also within an acceptable range, and only two of the sites had a cancer risk greater than 10-6,which was higher than the recommended value set by the USEPA, and should receive more attention.
